Medical terms 2024, November

Sinusitis - inflammation of the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus

Hallucinosis is a psychopathological syndrome characterized by profuse hallucinations, in some cases accompanied by delirium

Gangrene (gangraena; Greek gangraina from grao - to gnaw, to eat) is one of the types of necrosis, characterized by mummification (drying) or necrosis of tissue, or its putrid decay

Gastrectomy - surgery to completely remove the stomach followed by an anastomosis between the jejunum and the esophagus

Gastroenterostomy is a surgical procedure that involves placing an anastomosis between the small (mainly jejunum) intestine and the stomach

Hemangioma - a benign tumor arising from the blood vessels

Hematuria (haematuria; Greek haimatos, haima - blood + Greek uron - urine; synonym: true hematuria) - the presence of erythrocytes or blood in the urine

Hemiplegia (hemiplegia; Greek hemi- - semi-, one-sided, half + plege - defeat, blow) - unilateral paralysis of the muscles of the body

Hemothorax (haemothorax; Greek haima - blood + Greek thorax - chest, chest; synonym: hematothorax) - the presence of accumulated blood in the pleural cavity

Hemophilia is a hereditary disease transmitted by a recessive sex-linked type caused by a deficiency of plasma factors VIII or IX of blood coagulation; characterized by symptoms of increased bleeding

Generalization in pathology (generalisatio; lat.Generalis - general, main) - the spread of a pathological process in an organ or the whole body from a limited focus

Hepatosis is a name that unites a number of liver diseases, characterized by dystrophic changes in the hepatic parenchyma against the background of the absence or slight severity of symptoms of inflammation

Herman's symptom (synonyms: grasping phenomenon of the toes, Hermann's grasping symptom) - tonic flexion of the toes accompanying the dashed irritation of the sole; indicates damage to the frontal lobes of the brain

Herpes is a name that unites a group of pathologies excited by viruses of the same group, and expressed by a rash on the mucous membranes and / or skin of grouped small vesicles on an erythematous-edematous base

Heterochromia of the iris (heterochromia; Greek heteros - other, different + chroma - color, color; synonym: heterophthalmos) - unequal color of the iris of the left and right eyes or a dissimilar color of different parts of the iris of one eye

Gigantism is a clinical syndrome that manifests itself as unusually tall (in men over 200 cm, in women over 190 cm) or excessive enlargement of certain parts of the body

Hydronephrosis is a kidney disease characterized by significant persistent expansion of the calyx and pelvis with atrophy of the renal parenchyma; occurs as a result of a violation of the outflow of urine

Hydrocephalus - excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the intrathecal spaces and ventricles of the brain; manifests itself as signs of increased intracranial pressure

Gymnastics is a system of physical exercises that includes various combinations of movements with regulated speed, pace and amplitude, as well as dosed muscle tension

Gynecology is a branch of clinical medicine that studies the physiology of the female reproductive system and its diseases, and develops methods for their diagnosis, prevention and treatment; issues related to childbirth and pregnancy are studied by obstetrics

Gynecomastia (gynaecomastia; Greek gyne, gynaikos - woman + Greek mastos - breast) - an increase in the mammary glands (one or both) in men

Hypervitaminosis is a name that unites pathological conditions arising from the intoxication of the body with excessive intake of vitamins

Hyperhydration (hyperhydratatio; Greek hyper- - over, over, excessively + hydor - water; synonym: hyperhydria) - excessive water content in the body or its parts

Hyperhidrosis (hyperhidrosis; Greek hyper- - over, over, excessively + Greek hidros - sweat + Greek -ōsis (word-form suffix) - disease; synonym: sweating) - increased sweating

Hyperglycemia (hyperglycaemia; Greek hyper- - over, over, excessively + Greek glykys - sweet + haima - blood) - increased blood glucose

Hyperkinesis - violent automatic movements resulting from involuntary contractions of various muscle groups

Hyperplasia - an increase in the number of intracellular structures, cells, intercellular fibrous formations as a result of intensive organ function or as a result of pathological tissue neoplasm

Hypertrichosis - excessive development of the hairline, which is expressed by excessive thickness and / or length, as well as an increase in the number of hairs, uncharacteristic for a given skin area, gender or age of a person

Hyperfunction - increased activity of any system or organ of a person; can be a pathological or protective-adaptive reaction to the action of an abnormal or extreme stimulus, or a reaction to an increase in the intensity of a physiological stimulus

Hypohydration (hypohydratatio; Greek hypo- - under, decrease, failure + hydōr - water, liquid; synonyms: dehydration, hypohydria) - decrease in the level of water in the body

Hyposensitization is a complex of therapeutic and prophylactic measures designed to reduce the body's sensitivity to an allergen by inhibiting or preventing the development of immunological mechanisms of sensitization

Hypospadias is a congenital developmental anomaly, consisting in the absence of the distal (lower) part of the male urethra with the location of its external opening in an unusual place

Hypotension (hypotensio; Greek hypo- - under, lowering + Latin tensio - tension; synonym: hypotension - not recommended) - reduced hydrostatic pressure in hollow organs, vessels or body cavities

Hypothyroidism is a syndrome of thyroid insufficiency, manifested by bradycardia, edema of the face, trunk and limbs, neuropsychiatric disorders

Histamine test is a method for studying the secretory function of the stomach, based on the property of histamine preparations to intensify the secretion of gastric juice more intensively than other substances, having a predominant effect on the parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid

Histology is a biomedical science that studies the patterns of structure, development and function of tissues in humans and multicellular animals

Histoplasmosis is an infectious disease belonging to the group of systemic mycoses, excited by Histoplasma capsulatum

Gliosis - the proliferation of astrocytic neuroglia, accompanied by hyperproduction of glial fibers, is the process of its replacement hyperplasia (an increase in the number of structural elements) in response to the death of nervous tissue

Glomerulitis - inflammation of the renal glomerulus; is the leading element of morphological changes in glomerulonephritis

Glucosuria (glucosuria; Greek glykys - sweet + Greek uron - urine) - the presence of glucose in the urine