Diseases 2024, November

DIC syndrome (disseminated intravascular coagulation) is a pathological nonspecific process triggered by the entry into the bloodstream of factors that activate platelet aggregation (gluing) and blood coagulation. Thrombin is formed in the blood, activation and rapid depletion of plasma enzyme systems (fibrinolytic, kallikrein-kinin, coagulation)

Demyelination is a pathological process in which the myelin sheath of nerve fibers is destroyed. The myelin sheath performs an insulating function: it ensures the propagation of an electrical impulse along the fiber without energy loss. Demyelination causes impairment of functional activity of structures involved in the pathological process

Surprisingly, but true: almost everyone is a carrier of tiny, but very unpleasant mites - Demodexes. Usually they do not manifest themselves in any way, however, when a number of conditions coincide, domodexes are activated and lead to demodicosis

According to the definition of the World Health Organization, dementia is a syndrome of acquired memory impairment in combination with one of the following disorders: speech impairment, impaired ability to perform complex purposeful planned actions (praxis), or the ability to recognize objects and their characteristics based on sensations (gnosis), - noted on for at least six months and hindering work or limiting the patient's social activity

Depersonalization is a mental disorder, a feature of which is the patient's perception of himself from the outside

Derealization is a mental illness in which the patient's perception of the world is impaired

Depressive syndrome is manifested by mental and physical disorders: depressed mood, slowing down of mental processes, decreased general tone, indigestion, sleep

Dermatofibroma - a disease characterized by a benign formation on the skin

Dumping syndrome (from the English dumping - "dumping", "dropping") - a pathological condition characterized by accelerated evacuation of not properly processed stomach contents into the small intestine

Bilateral pneumonia - acute inflammation of both lungs with a high risk of developing respiratory failure

Dermatoses are an extensive group of heterogeneous diseases of the skin and its appendages of various origins (infectious, allergic, immune, etc.), caused by both external and internal (endogenous) causes. This group does not include transient changes in the skin that accompany many diseases and conditions

A dermoid cyst is a benign mass that consists of the epidermis, dermis, sebaceous glands, hair follicles and hair

Dermographism (artificial urticaria) is an abnormal reaction of the skin that occurs as a result of minor mechanical stress and is characterized by the appearance of stripes of red or white

Dermatomyositis (generalized fibromyositis, generalized myositis, angiomyositis, sclerodermatomyositis, poikilodermatomyositis, polymyositis) is a systemic inflammatory disease that affects muscle tissue, skin, capillaries and internal organs

Roseola infantile is an infection that usually affects young children. There is no specific treatment for baby roseola. To alleviate the condition of the child during the rise in temperature, he is given antipyretic drugs

Cerebral palsy is a congenital disease of the parts of the brain during intrauterine development. Treatment involves the use of drugs aimed at improving brain function

Iron deficiency is a pathological condition characterized by a decrease in the amount of hemoglobin and erythrocytes

Dermoid ovarian cyst - a benign germ cell neoplasm that develops from germ cells atypically located in the ovaries

Iodine deficiency is a dangerous condition of a person, the symptoms of which are drowsiness, lethargy, bad mood, impairment of attention and memory

Injuries, bruises, pathological changes in muscles - all this can lead to the appearance of deformity of the foot, that is, to a change in its appearance and other serious complications

Destruction of the vitreous humor is the partial or complete destruction of the vitreous humor of the eyeball

Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital defect, which is a non-closure (of different area) of the inner wall of the heart that separates the right atrium from the left

Deforming arthrosis is a widespread disease of the musculoskeletal system that most often affects the hip and knee joints

Osteoarthritis deformans is a progressive non-inflammatory joint disease associated with an imbalance between the destruction and repair of cartilage tissue

Jetlag (from the English jet - "jet", lag - "delay") is a sleep disorder that develops when changing 2 or more time zones in a limited period of time

Diabetic retinopathy is one of the types of microangiopathy that develops against the background of long-term diabetes mellitus and affects the blood vessels of the retina. This pathology is the main cause of low vision and blindness in people with diabetes

Diabetic nephropathy is kidney damage that is common in patients with diabetes. The basis of the disease is damage to the renal vessels and, as a consequence, developing functional organ failure

Diabetic coma is a dangerous and serious condition caused by relative or absolute insufficiency of insulin and characterized by serious metabolic disorders. Unlike hypoglycemic coma, diabetic coma develops gradually and can last for a very long time. The medical literature describes a case when the patient was in a coma for over 40 years

Diabetic neuropathy is a dystrophic lesion of peripheral nerves caused by metabolic disorders arising in the setting of diabetes mellitus. The disease is manifested by impaired sensitivity and autonomic dysfunction

Diathesis is a predisposition of the body to the development of certain pathological reactions or diseases that usually manifest themselves in childhood

Diverticulosis is a pathological process characterized by the formation of diverticulums (saccular protrusions) on the intestinal walls

Diabetic polyneuropathy is one of the most severe complications of diabetes mellitus, characterized by degenerative processes in the nerve fibers

Diathesis in children - a predisposition to certain diseases or an increased sensitivity of the body to common stimuli

Diaphragmatic hernia is a common gastroenterological disease. It requires long-term treatment to prevent the development of complications

Intestinal diverticulosis is a disease in which small, saccular protrusions of the walls of the large (less often small) intestine form outward

Diverticulosis of the sigmoid colon is a common pathology. It often proceeds without any symptoms and remains undiagnosed

Diverticulitis is a disease characterized by inflammation of diverticulum that occurs on the intestinal wall during infection

Dysarthria is a severe speech disorder as it is associated with malfunctions in the central nervous system. Dysarthria is most often diagnosed after five years

Dysentery is an acute or chronic infection that proceeds with symptoms of general intoxication and affects the large intestine of a person. The disease can be either acute or chronic

Dicroceliosis is an invasive disease that occurs when infected with a lanceolate fluke, a parasite in the body of both wild and domestic animals, and humans. This biohelminthiasis is accompanied by damage to the gallbladder and liver. Human dicroceliosis is a relatively rare pathology that occurs sporadically almost everywhere; the highest incidence rates are observed in the southern regions