Betak
Betak: instructions for use and reviews
- 1. Release form and composition
- 2. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
- 3. Indications for use
- 4. Contraindications
- 5. Method of application and dosage
- 6. Side effects
- 7. Overdose
- 8. Special instructions
- 9. Application in children
- 10. Drug interactions
- 11. Analogs
- 12. Terms and conditions of storage
- 13. Reviews
- 14. Price in pharmacies
Latin name: Betac
ATX code: C07AB05
Active ingredient: Betaxolol (Betaxolol)
Manufacturer: MEDOCHEMIE Ltd. (Cyprus)
Description and photo update: 2019-06-08
Betak is a synthetic drug with a pronounced antihypertensive effect.
Release form and composition
The drug is produced in the form of film-coated tablets: white, biconvex, round, on one side - a risk (10 pcs. In blister contour packs, 3 packs in a cardboard box).
Active ingredient: betaxolol, 1 tablet - 20 mg.
Excipients: sodium starch glycolate, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, colloidal anhydrous silicon, titanium oxide, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and polyethylene glycol 400.
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Betak belongs to the group of cardioselective beta 1 -adrenoceptor blockers with insignificant membrane stabilizing activity. Internal sympathomimetic activity is absent. The drug is characterized by a hypotensive effect due to a decrease in cardiac output and a decrease in sympathetic stimulation of peripheral vessels. Taking betaxolol in recommended doses does not lead to a pronounced cardiodepressant effect on the body. Also, the active component of Betak is not involved in glucose metabolism, does not contribute to water and sodium retention in the body and does not weaken the bronchodilatory effect of beta-adrenergic agonists.
The drug begins to act within 1–2 hours after administration, the duration of action is 24 hours.
Betaxolol is 100% absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Its bioavailability is 78-90%, and the rate of absorption and its degree do not depend on food intake. After oral administration, the maximum level of betaxolol in the blood is recorded after 2–4 hours. A stable concentration of the drug is observed after 5-7 days of therapy. The therapeutic concentration is 0.005-0.05 μg / ml. The active substance binds to blood plasma proteins by 50-60%. The range of volume of distribution ranges from 4 to 13.01 l / kg.
Betaxolol is actively metabolized in the liver with the formation of inactive metabolites. The substance has a low degree of permeability through the placental and blood-brain barriers. Betaxolol passes into breast milk, which must be taken into account when prescribing the drug during lactation.
The half-life of Betak is 14-22 hours. Its active component is excreted mainly through the kidneys (up to 80%), approximately 15% of betaxolol is excreted unchanged. The renal clearance index is 0.2–0.34 l / kg / hour. With liver dysfunctions, the elimination half-life can increase by 33%, but the clearance remains unchanged. With renal dysfunction, there is an increase in the half-life on average by 2 times, therefore it is recommended to reduce the dose of the drug.
Indications for use
- Arterial hypertension;
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy;
- Ischemic heart disease: angina pectoris of exertion and rest, myocardial infarction;
- Cardiac arrhythmias, including supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmias, sinus tachycardia, and premature beats.
Contraindications
The use of Betak is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to the components of the drug and the active substance betaxolol, as well as in the following diseases:
- Chronic heart failure stage II-III;
- Cardiogenic shock;
- AV block II or III degree;
- Bradycardia;
- Arterial hypotension;
- Raynaud's syndrome;
- Bronchial asthma;
- Prinzmetal's angina;
- Sinoatrial blockade;
- Cardiomegaly;
- Myasthenia gravis;
- Obliterating endarteritis;
- Emphysema of the lungs;
- Chronic obstructive bronchitis;
- Severe renal dysfunction;
- Diabetes;
- Psoriasis.
Instructions for the use of Betak: method and dosage
Betak with arterial hypertension at the beginning of treatment is prescribed 5-10 mg per day. After a few weeks, the dose can be increased to 20 mg. The tablets are taken 1 time per day (regardless of food intake).
Side effects
According to the instructions, Betak can cause the following side effects:
- Bradycardia, heart failure, orthostatic hypotension, AV block and deterioration of peripheral circulation, expressed as paresthesias, cold extremities, Raynaud's syndrome;
- Exacerbation of psoriasis;
- Asthenia, confusion, dizziness, headache, increased fatigue, depression, drowsiness, hallucinations;
- Bronchospasm;
- Nausea, diarrhea or constipation, vomiting, cholestasis;
- Dry eyes;
- Skin rashes and hives;
- Impotence;
- Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.
If the dose is significantly exceeded, bradycardia, fainting, AV blockade, convulsions, heart failure, a drop in blood pressure and bronchospasm may develop.
Overdose
Symptoms of a Betak overdose are:
- heart failure;
- arrhythmias;
- bradycardia;
- atrioventricular block;
- ventricular premature beats;
- severe arterial hypotension;
- dizziness;
- fainting;
- convulsions;
- cyanosis of the nail plates of the fingers or palms;
- bronchospasm.
In this case, the stomach is washed and adsorbing drugs are prescribed, symptomatic therapy is also recommended. In atrioventricular blockade, 1–2 mg of epinephrine, atropine is injected intravenously, or a temporary pacemaker is installed.
With a sharp decrease in blood pressure (in the absence of symptoms of pulmonary edema), it is desirable to carry out intravenous drip infusion of plasma substitutes. If this method of treatment is ineffective, dobutamine, dopamine, epinephrine are administered.
For bronchospasm, inhaled beta 1 -adrenomimetics are used. For convulsions, intravenous diazepam is recommended, for ventricular extrasystole - lidocaine (class 1A drugs are not used), for heart failure - glucagon, diuretics, cardiac glycosides.
special instructions
When taking the drug, it should be borne in mind that in the first days of treatment, with an appropriate predisposition, heart failure may develop.
To avoid withdrawal syndrome, at the end of therapy, the daily dose of Betak should be reduced gradually, 5 mg every 3-4 days.
Care must be taken while taking the drug with calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, cardiac glycosides, antihypertensive drugs, drugs for inhalation anesthesia, adrenomimetics and phenothiazines.
The drug is allowed to be used with caution during pregnancy and lactation.
Application in children
Betak is not recommended for use in pediatric practice.
Drug interactions
With the simultaneous administration of Betak and some other drugs, the interaction of betaxolol with them can cause the following effects:
- lidocaine and xanthines (with the exception of diphylline): a decrease in the rate of excretion of the latter and their increased content in blood plasma, especially in patients with an initial high clearance of theophylline due to regular smoking;
- iodine-containing X-ray contrast agents for intravenous administration: increased risk of anaphylactic reactions;
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a decrease in the hypotensive effect due to inhibition of the production of prostaglandins by the kidneys and retention of water and sodium in the body;
- nifedipine: significant reduction in blood pressure;
- estrogens and glucocorticosteroids: a decrease in the hypotensive effect due to sodium retention;
- allergens used in immunotherapy, or extracts of allergens for skin tests: an increased risk of developing severe allergic reactions or anaphylaxis;
- phenothiazines: increasing the concentration of each drug in the blood plasma;
- unhydrogenated ergot alkaloids: high risk of developing peripheral circulatory disorders;
- amiodarone, cardiac glycosides, slow calcium channel blockers, methyldopa, guanfacine, reserpine and other antiarrhythmic drugs: increased risk of developing or worsening bradycardia, potential risk of atrioventricular block, heart failure and cardiac arrest;
- ethanol, antipsychotics, tetra- and tricyclic antidepressants, hypnotics and sedatives: increased depression of the central nervous system;
- insulin and hypoglycemic oral drugs: changing the effectiveness of the latter and masking signs of developing hypoglycemia (increased blood pressure, tachycardia);
- hydralazine, sympatholytics, clonidine, diuretics: excessive lowering of blood pressure;
- MAO inhibitors: a significant increase in the hypotensive effect; simultaneous administration with betaxolol is not recommended - the break between courses of treatment should be at least 14 days;
- coumarins: prolonged anticoagulant effect;
- non-depolarizing muscle relaxants: long duration of action of the latter;
- phenytoin (when administered intravenously), means for inhalation general anesthesia: high severity of cardiodepressant action, the likelihood of arterial hypotension.
Analogs
Structural analogues of Betak are Lokren and Betaxolol.
Storage conditions and periods
Dispensed by prescription.
The recommended shelf life is 2 years at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C.
Reviews about Betak
Today there are both positive and sharply negative reviews about Betak. Many patients claim that the drug was effective and hypertensive crises began to occur less frequently, however, they note the slow action of betaxolol, which rather prevents attacks of high blood pressure than cures them. However, according to other patients, long-term use of the drug did not relieve them of sudden pressure surges.
Price for Betak in pharmacies
At the moment, the price of Betak is unknown, since it is not yet possible to purchase it in pharmacies.
Maria Kulkes Medical journalist About the author
Education: First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov, specialty "General Medicine".
Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes only and does not replace the official instructions. Self-medication is hazardous to health!
