Papilloma on the eyelid
The content of the article:
- Why do papillomas appear?
- Papilloma in the lower eyelid: symptoms
- When to see a doctor
-
How to get rid of
- Medication
- Folk remedies
- Operational methods
- Prevention methods
- Video
Papillomas are benign growths that can occur anywhere on the skin and mucous membranes. Facial growths often appear on the upper and lower eyelids, around the nose, on the cheek and chin. They spoil the appearance and cause psychological discomfort to the owner, therefore they are often removed. Papillomas in the eyelid can be removed by different methods - electrocoagulation, laser therapy, cryotherapy are used.
Papillomas on the eyelids cause mainly aesthetic problems
Why do papillomas appear?
The main reason for the appearance of papillomatous neoplasms is the ingress of papillomaviruses (human papillomavirus, HPV) on the skin. Another reason is the frequent trauma to the skin. Every person, both an adult and a child, can become infected. However, according to statistics, women under the age of 40 are more likely to get sick.
Among the factors that increase the likelihood of infection with papillomaviruses, there are local and systemic ones. Local factors include damage to the skin on the eyelid - scratches, microtrauma, dryness and cracks in the skin. Violation of the integrity of the skin increases the likelihood of the virus entering the body.
Systemic factors are associated with a weakened immune system:
- taking drugs that suppress the immune system (glucocorticoids, cytostatics);
- oncological diseases;
- chronic glomerulonephritis, renal failure;
- liver disease;
- deficiency of vitamins in the body;
- chronic infectious diseases;
- hypothermia;
- emotional stress, stress;
- elderly age.
The main route of infection is contact. Most often, papillomaviruses enter the eyelid when rubbing with their hands. Infection is also possible when using common household items. Papillomas do not appear immediately after viruses hit the skin; the incubation period is several months.
Papilloma in the lower eyelid: symptoms
Papilloma is a papillary formation on the skin (see photo). Its surface is usually smooth, the papilloma is soft to the touch, painless. The size of the wart on the eyelid usually does not exceed 1–2 mm. Papilloma has a flesh color - from whitish to light brown. Formations can be single and multiple (papillomatosis). In most cases, their appearance is not accompanied by additional symptoms.
When to see a doctor
It is imperative to consult a doctor if the appearance of papillomas is accompanied by discomfort (pain, numbness, burning of the skin), and also if the neoplasms are often injured or bleed. If papillomas on the eyelid create a cosmetic problem, this is also a reason to visit a doctor.
The doctor will carefully examine the skin, take an anamnesis, and, if necessary, prescribe additional tests:
- General clinical studies: complete blood count, glucose determination, etc. They are prescribed to assess the general condition of the body, the results do not affect the diagnosis.
- Research aimed at identifying the causative agent: polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The material for the study is scraping of epithelial cells.
After the examination, the indications for the removal of papillomas are determined, and the optimal method of treatment is selected.
How to get rid of
The skin in the eyelid area is very thin, therefore, it is recommended to use mild products and minimally invasive techniques for treatment. The main directions of therapy are the removal of existing formations and the prevention of the appearance of new ones. Surgical removal (cryotherapy, laser therapy, electrocoagulation) is most effective. At home, you can take medications, use folk remedies.
Medication
Given the viral nature of the pathology, medications can also be used for treatment. You can smear your skin with local antiviral drugs (for example, Panavir ointment), or take them in pill form (Acyclovir).
Folk remedies
At home, you can use folk remedies. They can be conditionally divided into two groups: some act softly, others more aggressively. All of them are applied externally. Mild folk remedies include potato compress, lemon juice, aloe, celandine. Salicylic acid and garlic are more aggressive. In no case should formations be removed mechanically - this can provoke the development of complications (bleeding, malignancy, suppuration).
Operational methods
To remove eyelid neoplasms, several surgical methods can be used - laser therapy, cryodestruction, electrocoagulation.
| Treatment method | How it is done, pros and cons |
| Laser therapy | Laser therapy is the most suitable method for treating papillomas of this localization. Removal of the build-up occurs under the influence of light of a certain wave. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and lasts only a few minutes. After laser therapy, no scars remain, and the skin near the eyes is minimally damaged. The main disadvantage of this method of treatment is its high cost. |
| Cryodestruction | Cryodestruction is a method of removing formations, which is based on the action of liquid nitrogen. With the help of a special tool or a cotton swab, liquid nitrogen is applied to the warts around the eyes, which leads to their freezing and then death. A bubble forms at this place, which disappears after 5-7 days. Cryodestruction is suitable for removing small neoplasms. |
| Electrocoagulation | Electrocautery uses an electric current to remove it. With the help of a special tool (coagulator), the formations are cauterized. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. |
Surgical excision of formations around the eyes (in contrast to other localizations) is rarely used, as it significantly damages the skin.
You should not remove papillomas on the eyelids yourself, a doctor should do this
Prevention methods
Non-specific methods of prevention will help prevent the development of pathology. Specific prophylaxis (vaccination) is aimed only at those types of papillomaviruses that mainly affect the genitals and have oncogenic properties. To prevent infection, you need to follow the rules of personal hygiene - often wash your hands, do not rub your eyes, use only individual household items.
Video
We offer for viewing a video on the topic of the article.
Anna Kozlova Medical journalist About the author
Education: Rostov State Medical University, specialty "General Medicine".
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