Furazolidone

2024 Author: Rachel Wainwright | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-15 07:39

Instructions for use:

1. Pharmacological action
2. Indications
3. Method of application
4. Side effects
5. Contraindications
6. Interaction with other medicinal products
7. Overdose
8. Release form
9. Storage conditions

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Furazolidone is a drug from the nitrofuran group with antibacterial properties.

pharmachologic effect

Furazolidone is a synthetic derivative of 5-nitrofurforol. According to reviews, Furazolidone is most effective in the treatment of inflammatory diseases caused by gram-negative aerobic bacteria. Aerobic gram-positive microorganisms, fungi and protozoa are less sensitive to it. Anaerobic pathogens are insensitive to Furazolidone.

The pharmacological action of Furazolidone largely depends on the doses taken: at low doses, the drug has a bacteriostatic effect, and when they are increased, it is bactericidal. The mechanism of antimicrobial action is that the nitro groups that make up the Furazolidone molecules under the influence of enzymes of microorganisms are reduced to amino groups, which are very toxic to bacteria. Amino groups violate the integrity of the cell walls of bacteria, and block many of the biochemical processes in them. As a result, microorganisms lose their ability to grow and multiply.

According to reviews, Furazolidone also has a slight immunostimulating effect. It lies in the ability of the drug to increase the phagocytic activity of white blood cells (leukocytes) and the compliment titer.

Furazolidone increases the sensitivity of the human body to ethyl alcohol. Therefore, with the simultaneous administration of this drug and alcoholic beverages, nausea and vomiting develop.

Resistance (resistance) to Furazolidone in bacteria develops rather slowly.

After oral administration, Furazolidone is rapidly and almost completely absorbed in the intestine. Therapeutically significant concentrations in the blood persist for 5-6 hours after taking a single dose. The drug penetrates into the cerebrospinal fluid, where its concentration is the same as in the blood. In the intestine, there is also a high concentration of Furazolidone.

It is excreted mainly by the kidneys, partly unchanged, partly in the form of metabolites.

Indications

This drug is used to treat inflammatory and infectious diseases of the genitourinary system, gastrointestinal tract and skin. According to the instructions, Furazolidone is used to treat the following diseases:

• Typhoid and paratyphoid;

• Bacillary dysentery;

• Giardiasis;

• Enterocolitis;

• Diarrhea caused by infectious causes, in particular food poisoning;

• Trichomonas infection;

• Cystitis, urethritis;

• Infected burns and wounds of the skin.

Method of application of Furazolidone

The drug is taken orally. It is advisable not to crush or chew the tablet, but to swallow it whole with a glass of water.

According to the instructions, Furazolidone for the treatment of foodborne diseases, paratyphoid infections and dysentery is prescribed four times a day, 100 - 150 mg for 7 - 10 days.

The indication for Furazolidone is Trichomonas infection. With colpitis, this drug is prescribed for three days, 100 mg 3-4 times a day. In addition, 5 g of a powder consisting of a mixture of Furazolidone with lactose (milk sugar) in a ratio of 1: 400 is injected into the vagina once a day, and rectal suppositories with Furazolidone are injected into the rectum. With Trichomonas urethritis, Furazolidone is taken 100 mg four times a day for three days.

According to reviews, Furazolidone is quite effective in the treatment of giardiasis. Adults are prescribed it 4 times a day, 100 mg, and children - at the rate of 10 mg per kg of body weight per day. The daily dose is divided into 3 doses.

The use of Furazolidone for the treatment of wound infections and burns is justified. In these cases, the drug is used topically in the form of wet-drying dressings or irrigation with a solution of Furazolidone (1: 25000).

Side effects

Furazolidone is considered a low-toxic drug, but, nevertheless, it can lead to the development of side effects: nausea, vomiting, lack of appetite, pain in the epigastric region. According to the instructions, Furazolidone rarely leads to the development of allergic reactions: Quincke's edema, urticaria, itching, skin rash. To prevent the development of adverse reactions, it is recommended to drink a large amount of liquid with each dose of Furazolidone, to take antihistamines and B vitamins.

With prolonged use of Furazolidone, especially in infants, the development of methemoglobinemia and hemolytic anemia, hyperthermia, cough, shortness of breath and neurotoxic reactions are possible.

Contraindications

• Individual hypersensitivity to the drug;

• Terminal stage of chronic renal failure;

• The child is under one month old;

• Lactose and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.

Indications for Furazolidone in pregnant women should be carefully evaluated by the attending physicians. During pregnancy and lactation, the use of Furazolidone is permissible only if the possible benefits of the drug are significantly greater than the potential risks to the fetus (child).

Furazolidone should be administered with great caution to patients suffering from diseases of the nervous system and liver. It should not be assigned to persons whose work requires a high concentration of attention and quick reactions.

Interaction with other medicinal products

Tetracyclines and aminoglycosides enhance the antibacterial activity of Furazolidone. With the simultaneous administration of Furazolidone and Ristomycin, Chloramphenicol, the risk of inhibition of hematopoietic function increases.

The drug should not be administered simultaneously with Amphetamine, Ephedrine, MAO inhibitors, because this is associated with a high risk of developing a hypertensive reaction.

Overdose

When taking large doses of Furazolidone orally, the patient develops toxic liver damage, up to acutely toxic hepatitis. According to reviews, Furazolidone in large doses can lead to the development of hematotoxic and neurotoxic effects.

There are no specific antidotes. Shows gastric lavage and the ingestion of sorbents and saline laxatives. B vitamins and antihistamines are prescribed. If necessary, infusion therapy is performed, aimed at maintaining the water-electrolyte balance.

In case of severe poisoning, hemodialysis is performed.

Furazolidone release form

The drug is available in the form of tablets with an active substance content of 0.05 g (50 mg). Tablets are packaged in 10 pieces in blister and cell-free packaging.

Storage conditions Furazolidone

Furazolidone should be stored at room temperature in a dry place out of the reach of children. Its shelf life is three years. After the expiration date, the drug cannot be used for treatment.