Date fruit
The date is the fruit of the date palm. The ancestors of modern Arabs used wild dates five to seven thousand years ago. Saudi Arabia is the world leader in the cultivation and sale of these fruits. Fruits are grown in Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia. Date palms have also been introduced to California, Mexico, South Africa, Australia and other countries.
The ratio of BJU in the product
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The unripe fruits of dates are oval-cylindrical. They are three to seven centimeters long and two to three centimeters in diameter. The fruit contains a bone inside. Fruit bone thickness from 6 to 8 mm. Depending on the degree of softness, dates are divided into soft, semi-soft and dry.
Ripe fruits range in color from bright red to reddish yellow. Ripe dates are brown, slightly wrinkled fruits with a juicy pulp.
There are about 450 varieties of dates in the world. Some of them are used for human consumption, some are suitable for livestock feed, and some are used for the production of fertilizers and medicines.
The following types of dates are most commonly consumed in food:
- Sharka is one of the common fruit varieties. Dates of this variety can be stored for years;
- Bitches are a very popular variety. The fruits of this variety are very large;
- Maktumi - fruits of bright yellow color, very juicy and tender;
- Raziz is a very mild variety of dates;
- Shishi - golden colored fruits;
- Anbara is a variety of large and soft dates. It is grown in limited quantities, which affects the cost of this fruit variety;
- Barney - yellow semi-dry large dates.
Nutritional value and calorie content of dates
These fruits contain 2.5 g of proteins, 0.5 g of fat, 69.2 g of carbohydrates, 20 g of water, 6 g of dietary fiber, 69 g of saccharides, 0.1 g of unsaturated fatty acids, 0.3 g of organic acids, 1.5 g of ash.
The fruit contains potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus and iron.
One hundred grams of dates contain 0.05 mg of vitamin B1, 0.05 mg of vitamin B2, 0.8 mg of vitamin B3, 0.1 mg of vitamin B6, 0.3 mg of vitamin C and 0.8 mg of vitamin P.
The calorie content of dates is 274 kcal per 100 g of fruit.
Useful properties of dates
Dates have been famous for their healing properties since ancient times. In terms of medicinal, nutritional and dietary properties, dates are comparable to the most useful cereals.
The benefits of dates are that these fruits fill the body with vitality, strengthen the kidneys, heart, liver, promote the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the intestines, maintain a balanced balance of the body, and also saturate the blood with useful components and activate brain activity. These fruits contain significant amounts of protein, whereas other fruits generally do not.
Eating these dried fruits regularly is believed to increase brain performance by 25% or more.
It is useful to use these fruits to accelerate recovery from various infectious diseases, as well as hypertension, anemia.
Regular consumption of dates lowers the risk of osteoporosis and bone fragility.
Dates bring an important benefit in the treatment of bronchitis - they accelerate the excretion of phlegm and soothe the cough.
However, the harm from dates can be very significant with kidney stones or migraines.
Dietary fiber in dates reduces the risk of cancer.
Nutritionists recommend consuming 100-150 g of dates daily.
Dates are high in calories, but there is no cholesterol in these fruits.
Dates harm the teeth because dried fruits contain 60-65% sugar. And sugar is known to destroy tooth enamel. In these fruits, it is contained in the form of glucose and fructose, so the body absorbs it much easier than sucrose. Date sugar is much healthier for the body than beet or cane sugar. And if, after consuming dates, immediately rinse the mouth with water, then there will be no harm from dates to teeth.
More recently, scientists have proven the enormous benefits of dates for the fetus and the body of pregnant women, to facilitate childbirth and in the postpartum period.
It has been proven that dates contain special stimulants that strengthen the muscles of the uterus during pregnancy, facilitate childbirth and shorten the period of postpartum bleeding.
These fruits saturate the mother's milk with useful substances and vitamins. In addition, these fruits contain special ingredients that help get rid of prenatal and postnatal depression.
Important useful properties of dates are stimulating and mild hypnotic effect. Tryptophan in dates in the human body is converted into melatonin - a sleep hormone and serotonin - a hormone of good mood. These fruits act selectively - they activate brain activity in case of fatigue, and in case of insomnia they help to fall asleep.
Ways to use dates
Dates are used for the preparation of confectionery, muesli, jelly, compotes, alcohol, flour, sugar. Culinary experts add fresh fruits to buns, pies, cakes, cookies, fruit salads.
Fresh and dried fruits can be filled with almonds, candied fruits, walnuts, butter and marzipan.
The Arabs use these fruits to make special pasta, cookies and puddings.
Libyan chefs prepare analogs of powdered sugar, vinegar and honey from fruits.
In some Islamic countries, non-alcoholic champagne is prepared on the basis of these fruits.
Storage conditions for dates
Since the moisture content of dates is very low (30%), this fruit can retain its beneficial properties for a long time. In an airtight container at room temperature, dates can last for several months. For longer storage, they should be refrigerated.
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