Macular Degeneration

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2024 Author: Rachel Wainwright | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-15 07:39

Macular degeneration (degeneratio maculae luteae; Latin degenero - degenerate; synonym: macular dystrophy) is a name that unites diseases in which degeneratio maculae luteae are noted, limited to the macular zone.

Allocate macular degeneration:

children's (infantilis; synonym: Best's disease): familial hereditary macular degeneration, detected from the moment of birth or in childhood; characterized by the occurrence of central scotoma, decreased visual acuity, during ophthalmoscopy - dystrophic changes in the macular area;
discoid (discoidea; synonym: discoid retinal degeneration): secondary retinal degeneration after hemorrhages in the macular region or in arteriosclerosis, characterized by the presence of a centrally located, protruding into the vitreous, round grayish-white focus, several times larger than the diameter of the optic nerve head;
vitelline (synonym: vitelline macular degeneration): an inherited disorder in which there is a progressive deterioration in central vision and a positive central scotoma; with ophthalmoscopy in the macular region, a round avascular yellow lesion is found in size from half to two diameters of the optic nerve head; transmitted in an autosomal dominant manner;
familial (familiaris; synonym: Bera macular degeneration): familial hereditary retinal degeneration, in which there is a predominant lesion of the central fossa of the macula and progressive decrease in vision; ophthalmoscopically expressed by uneven pigmentation of the macular retina with existing small rounded foci;
senile (senilis): due to age-related changes in the choroid;
juvenile (juvenilis; synonym: Stargardt macular degeneration): familial hereditary bilateral retinal degeneration; occurs at the age of 8-15 years and is characterized by macular lesions, manifested by the development of central scotoma and decreased visual acuity; is transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner.

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