Antiseptic
Antiseptics (Greek anti- - against; opposite property, action, position + Greek septikos - putrefactive, causing decay; synonym: anti-putrefactive method, outdated.) - a set of therapeutic and prophylactic measures that are aimed at destroying microbes in wounds, other pathological formations or the body as a whole.
The following types of antiseptics are distinguished:
- Biological - carried out using bacteriostatic or bactericidal agents of biological origin (phytoncides, bacteriophages, antibiotics, etc.);
- Deep - based on the infiltration of tissues containing microflora with a solution of antimicrobial (usually biological) agent, which is injected;
- Local - based on the introduction of an antimicrobial agent into the cavity of an abscess or wound, an infected body cavity, etc.;
- Mechanical - based on the removal of fluids, tissues, foreign bodies from the wound with infectious agents on and / or in them; such methods include drainage, dissection or excision of the wound, etc.;
- General (synonym: "large sterilizing therapy") - based on oral, intravascular or intramuscular injection into tissues and blood of substances with low organotropic and high bacteriotropic action (sulfonamides, antibiotics);
- Superficial - based on the application to the wound surface, mucous membranes, skin of antimicrobial agents in the form of solutions, ointments, powders, aerosols;
- Physical - based on the use of physical factors: ultrasound, hypertonic solutions, hygroscopic dressings, ultraviolet radiation, dry heat, etc.;
- Chemical - carried out using chemicals with bacteriostatic or bactericidal action.
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