Nutrition for pneumonia: basic principles, what is useful and what should be excluded from the diet
The content of the article:
- Purpose of the diet for pneumonia in adults
- Basic principles of catering
- What to exclude from the menu
-
Recommended meals
- Fish and meat dishes
- Soups
- Fruits and vegetables
- Eggs
- Dairy
- Sweets
- Cereals
- Drinking regime
- Video
Nutrition for pneumonia plays a special role, as it helps to strengthen the body's defenses and helps to increase its resistance against infections.
The organization of proper nutrition for pneumonia plays an important role in shortening the treatment time
Most often, pneumonia is treated with antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which can negatively affect the digestive system and disrupt intestinal function.
A feature of the diet for pneumonia is that the food that the patient eats must be high in calories.
Purpose of the diet for pneumonia in adults
Purpose of the diet for pneumonia in adults:
| goal | Description |
| Strengthening the immune system and reducing the manifestation of the inflammatory response | During infectious diseases, all the body's forces are spent on the fight against pathogenic microorganisms that caused the disease, therefore it is important to increase the supply of vitamins and microelements, which has a positive effect on the state of immunity, enhances the effect of the drugs used and helps to prevent exacerbations of chronic diseases |
| Reducing the load on the excretory, cardiovascular and digestive systems | Too heavy and high-calorie food requires a lot of energy for digestion, and also increases the level of toxic metabolites in the patient's blood, which can cause complications. Eating a healthy diet allows you to devote most of your energy to fighting infection |
| Reduction of intoxication | Pathogenic microbes secrete their waste products, poisoning the body. Proper nutrition and drinking enough fluids reduces intoxication and promotes the elimination of toxic substances |
Basic principles of catering
Nutrition for pneumonia in adults should be fractional. The patient needs to eat a small amount of food every 3-4 hours. It is desirable that the largest portion of the food is for lunch and dinner.
It is recommended to have dinner no later than two hours before bedtime so that the food has time to be absorbed. Food should be varied, but preference should be given to liquid dishes, as they are easier to digest.
Products can be boiled, baked, steamed. It is not recommended to eat fried, fatty, spicy and salty foods. It is also worth abandoning foods containing a large amount of dyes and preservatives.
What to exclude from the menu
Exclude from the patient's menu:
- fatty meats (lamb, pork);
- smoked meats;
- lard and lard;
- cooking oil;
- sausages and sausages;
- fatty fish (salmon, salmon);
- pickled vegetables with a lot of salt and spices;
- mushrooms;
- carbonated drinks;
- strong coffee;
- alcoholic drinks.
Recommended meals
The diet of a person with an acute form of the disease should be varied. You need to choose healthy foods that contain a large amount of vitamins and minerals.
Fish and meat dishes
The patient's diet must contain lean meat: rabbit, turkey, beef, veal, chicken. Before cooking, the meat is cleaned of skin, fat, tendons. It can be baked in the oven or boiled. It is also recommended to cook minced meat dishes: meatballs, cutlets, dumplings. Do not add too hot spices to meat.
The patient's diet should contain dishes from lean meat and fish.
Also, a patient with pneumonia is advised to eat low-fat fish dishes: pike, cod. It is boiled in one piece or baked in the oven with vegetables. You can cook fish soufflé or cutlets.
Soups
Soups must be present in the diet of an adult or child with pneumonia. They are cooked in low-fat meat, fish or vegetable broth. In addition to vegetables, buckwheat, oatmeal or rice groats are added to the soup.
Preference should be given to puree soups
You can make slimy soups or cream soup. Also, borscht may be present in the diet. But when preparing it, do not overuse tomato paste, spices and add a large amount of cabbage.
Fruits and vegetables
The patient's menu must contain vegetables: potatoes, cucumbers, zucchini, beets, tomatoes, carrots. They are boiled, baked in the oven, mashed potatoes and steamed puddings are made from them. Boil vegetables under the lid, for a short period, without boiling, which will allow you to preserve the maximum amount of vitamins.
Apples can be eaten both fresh and baked in the oven
Fruits and berries are of great benefit. The patient's diet should contain apples, pears, grapes, cherries, strawberries, raspberries. The berries can be ground with sugar, and the apples can be baked in the oven.
It is necessary to limit the use of legumes, cabbage, radish, radish, swede. It is also recommended to remove plums and apricots from the menu.
Eggs
A patient with pneumonia is advised to eat eggs in limited quantities. They can be used to prepare steam and protein omelets. You can also eat soft-boiled eggs (no more than one or two a day).
Eggs can be used to make a steam omelet
Avoid raw, fried or hard-boiled eggs.
Dairy
A patient with acute pneumonia should give preference to lactic acid products such as kefir, sour cream, low-fat cottage cheese. They can be eaten on their own or added to puddings and soufflés. You can also eat hard or processed cheeses in small quantities.
The patient's menu should contain lactic acid products
It is recommended to limit the consumption of whole milk, fatty sour cream and cottage cheese, cream, spicy varieties of cheese.
Sweets
Sweet desserts can be consumed in limited quantities. Preference is given to fruit desserts, jellies, meringues or jelly. Sometimes it is allowed to eat jam, honey, jam. From baked goods, you can add biscuit biscuits or dry biscuits to the diet.
Sweet desserts can only be eaten in limited quantities
Don't overuse creamy cakes, shortbread cookies, and buns.
Cereals
A person with pneumonia is recommended to eat buckwheat, rice, oatmeal, semolina and durum wheat noodles. Porridge should be viscous, slimy, boiled. You can add a small amount of meat broth, olive or sunflower oil, milk, dried fruits to them. You can also make soufflés, puddings and casseroles from cereals.
Porridge should be boiled well
Drinking regime
In order to eliminate intoxication, reduce inflammation and restore water balance, an adult needs to consume at least two liters of fluid per day.
During illness, it is important to observe the drinking regime.
You can drink:
- clean still water;
- black or green tea, with lemon and a little sugar or honey;
- medicinal rosehip broth. To prepare it, 15 g of dry fruits are poured into 1 liter of water and boiled over low heat for 5 minutes, then insisted for two hours;
- fruit drinks based on raspberries or black currants;
- warm milk with the addition of a small amount of honey or butter;
- low-fat vegetable or meat broths.
Eating a diet has a positive effect on the functioning of the immune system and accelerates recovery. After the disease has subsided, the patient can return to their normal diet.
Video
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Anna Kozlova Medical journalist About the author
Education: Rostov State Medical University, specialty "General Medicine".
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