Diet 9
Diet 9 is a therapeutic food system (treatment table) developed by Soviet nutritionist Mikhail Pevzner for the treatment of mild to moderate diabetes mellitus. Modifications of this treatment table were prescribed for patients with severe diabetes and a combination of obesity and disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. The conditions for using diet 9 in diabetes are normal or slightly overweight and a small need for insulin administration (from 0 to 30 units per day according to the scheme). In addition, this diet can be used for joint infections, rheumatism, bronchial asthma, allergic diseases, and diathesis. The goal of diet 9 is to achieve normal carbohydrate metabolism in the body, to ensure optimal conditions for the selection of antihyperglycemic therapy. Also, the diet table 9 contributes to the correction of fat metabolism and water-electrolyte state. Thus, following diet 9 can achieve normal levels of blood sugar, cholesterol, reduce blood pressure and edema.
Basic principles of diet table 9
Diet 9 is moderately low in calories. In total, 1900-2300 kilocalories are recommended per day. Energy value is limited mainly by easily digestible carbohydrates and animal fats. It is also recommended to reduce your intake of complex carbohydrates and vegetable fats. Proteins in the diet are not limited, their volume corresponds to the age norm and concomitant diseases. In total, about 100 grams of protein, 80 grams of fat, 300 grams of carbohydrates, 10-12 grams of salt, 1.5 liters of water can be used in food per day. When preparing food, preference should be given to baking, stewing, rather than frying. Sweeteners can be used to prepare sweet dishes. Currently used xylitol, sorbitol, saccharin, aspartame, cyclomat, stevia herb and several other food sweeteners. Food is taken 5-6 times a day in small portions. If the patient is not using insulin, then each meal should be about the same amount of carbohydrates. In the event that insulin is prescribed, then the amount of carbohydrates can change with the change in the dose of short-acting insulin. Food on diet 9 should contain a minimum amount of extractives, cholesterol and a maximum amount of vitamins, dietary fiber, lipotropic substances.
What you can and cannot eat on a diet table 9
According to this food system, the most preferred foods are those that contain few carbohydrates. From grain products it is rye, protein-wheat, protein-bran, wheat 2nd grade bread, porridge from barley, buckwheat, pearl barley, millet, oatmeal in the range of carbohydrates. Meat and fish products approved for diet 9 are lean meats, rabbit, chickens, beef jelly, lean ham, doctor's sausage, low-fat boiled and baked fish, soaked herring in small quantities. Low-calorie vegetables are especially recommended for patients: cabbage, lettuce, pumpkin, zucchini, cucumbers, tomatoes, eggplants. Taking into account the consumption of carbohydrates on diet 9, potatoes, carrots, beets, green peas are allowed. From fruits and berries, sweet and sour varieties, sugar-free compote (250 ml per day) are recommended. Dairy products can only be used without fat and sugar. Sour cream is heavily limited.
On diet 9, foods rich in simple carbohydrates and animal fats are prohibited. You cannot eat rich and sweet flour products, fatty meats, goose, duck, fatty ham, smoked sausages, canned meat. Of the fruits, those rich in simple carbohydrates are not recommended: grapes, raisins, dates, figs, dried apricots, prunes, bananas, sugar, honey, jam, sweets, ice cream. Do not drink fruit juices, sweet lemonades. Previously, endocrinologists advised to completely abandon semolina, rice, pasta. Today it is considered acceptable to use these products in small quantities.
Menu for the week for diet 9
An approximate menu for a week for diet 9 has been developed by leading Soviet nutritionists. This menu was used in inpatient therapy, as well as in the conditions of sanatorium treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus.
Monday
- Breakfast: buckwheat porridge, low-fat cottage cheese with milk, coffee drink
- Lunch: milk
- Lunch: cabbage soup with vegetable oil, boiled meat with milk sauce, fruit jelly
- Afternoon snack: apple
- Dinner: boiled fish, baked in milk sauce, cabbage schnitzel, tea
- Before bed: kefir
Tuesday
- Breakfast: pearl barley porridge, egg, cabbage salad, coffee drink
- Lunch: milk
- Lunch: pickle, mashed potatoes, beef liver in sauce, dried fruit compote
- Afternoon snack: fruit jelly
- Dinner: stewed cabbage, boiled chicken, tea
- Before bed: kefir
Wednesday
- Breakfast: oatmeal porridge, low-fat cottage cheese with milk, coffee drink
- Lunch: jelly
- Lunch: vegetarian borscht, buckwheat porridge, boiled meat, tea
- Afternoon snack: unsweetened pear
- Dinner: egg, vinaigrette, tea
- Before bed: curdled milk
Thursday
- Breakfast: buckwheat porridge, low-fat cottage cheese with milk, coffee drink
- Lunch: kefir
- Lunch: vegetarian cabbage soup from fresh cabbage with vegetable oil, boiled meat with milk sauce, compote
- Afternoon snack: unsweetened pear
- Dinner: boiled fish, baked in milk sauce, cabbage schnitzel, tea
- Before bed: kefir
Friday
- Breakfast: steep egg, vinaigrette without potatoes, seasoned with vegetable oil, butter, coffee drink
- Lunch: apple
- Lunch: pea soup, sauerkraut, fried meat, tea
- Afternoon snack: fresh fruit
- Dinner: boiled chicken, vegetable pudding, tea
- Before bed: curdled milk
Saturday
- Breakfast: millet porridge, doctor's sausage, coffee drink
- Lunch: wheat bran decoction
- Lunch: fish soup, boiled meat, mashed potatoes, tea
- Afternoon snack: kefir
- Dinner: low-fat cottage cheese with milk, oatmeal, tea
- Before bed: apple
Sunday
- Breakfast: buckwheat porridge, hard egg, coffee drink
- Lunch: apple
- Lunch: vegetable soup, minced beef cutlet, barley porridge, tea
- Afternoon snack: milk
- Dinner: boiled fish, vegetable salad, boiled potatoes, tea
- Before bed: kefir
Diet Reviews 9
Reviews of diet 9 are controversial. Doctors in reviews of diet 9 note its effectiveness in patients without overweight and with the right choice of medicines, including insulin. Patients find Diet 9 very nutritious, varied, but not very easy to use. Patients with a slight overweight in reviews of diet 9 with diabetes note a decrease in body weight due to an increase in basal metabolism. This diet is rich in trace elements, vitamins, dietary fiber, which means it supports well-being and work capacity throughout the day.
At the moment, many ideas about the diet for diabetes mellitus no longer correspond to this treatment table. Diet 9 for diabetes is considered outdated, and is rarely recommended by endocrinologists in outpatient practice. However, many of the principles of this nutritional system are used in modern diet therapy of diabetes mellitus.
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