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Video: Chest - Glossary Of Medical Terms
2024 Author: Rachel Wainwright | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-15 07:39
Rib cage
Chest [thorax - PNA (Parisian Anatomical Nomenclature), BNA (Basel Anatomical Nomenclature), JNA (Jena Anatomical Nomenclature)] - the bony base of the upper body, including the thoracic spine, ribs with costal cartilage and sternum.
Types of chest:
- asthenic (asthenicus) - long and narrow with an oblique position of the ribs and an acute sub-sternal angle; one of the signs of an asthenic physique;
- funnel-shaped (infundibulifonnis) - having a funnel-shaped depression on the front wall; refers to developmental abnormalities;
- hypersthenic (hypersthenicus) - short and wide, with a horizontal position of the ribs and an obtuse sub-sternal angle; one of the signs of a hypersthenic physique;
- keeled (carinatus, pectus carinatum; synonyms: keeled chest, not recommended - chicken breast) - squeezed from the sides with a sharp stance of the sternum, having the shape of a triangle in a horizontal section; developmental anomaly caused by excessive growth of V – VII costal cartilage;
- kyphotic (kyphoticus) - shortened, with the sternum standing forward, close ribs and increased anteroposterior size; formed against the background of kyphosis;
- lordotic (lordoticus) - with a bend of the spine anteriorly, flattened from the sides, with a bulging anterior wall, formed in the presence of lordosis;
- paralytic (paralyticus) - deformed with paralysis, the shape is determined by the location of the paralyzed muscles;
- flat (planus) - characterized by the separation of part of the cartilage and ribs to the sides, the retraction of the rib cartilage and sternum; formed against the background of scurvy;
- rachitic (rachiticus) - with the presence of nodular thickenings in the area of junction of the ribs with cartilage; formed against the background of rickets;
- emphysematous (emphysematosus; synonym: barrel chest) - expanded with an obtuse sub-sternal angle, horizontal ribs, increased intercostal spaces; noted in the presence of chronic pulmonary emphysema.
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