Villi
Villi [villi - PNA (Parisian Anatomical Nomenclature), BNA (Basel Anatomical Nomenclature), JNA (Jena Anatomical Nomenclature), LNH (Leningrad Histological Nomenclature)] - protrusions or outgrowths of various membranes that increase their active surface with the environment and adjacent tissues.
Types of villi:
- Arachnoid (synonym: arachnoid granulation) - areas of the arachnoid membrane of the brain, located near the venous sinuses and growing into the hard membrane; penetrate into the cavity of sinuses and parasinus lacunae, contain nerves and blood vessels, participate in the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid;
- Sexual bacteria - filamentous villi on the membrane of bacteria, which have the ability to adsorb some RNA and DNA-containing phages; are formed in bacteria carrying plasmids;
- Peritoneal villi (peritoneales) - microscopic short villi up to 3 microns long, located on the surface of the peritoneal mesothelial cells;
- Secondary chorion (secundarii) - chorionic villi in the embryonic part of the placenta, in which branching blood vessels are located; ensure the absorption of nutrients from the endometrium;
- Intestinal (intestinales) - the villi of the small intestine, formed by all layers of its mucous membrane; provide absorption of nutrients and parietal digestion;
- Lyamblevsky (synonym: Lyamblevsky villi) - formations, villous type, appearing along the edges of the aortic or mitral valve cusps of the heart in the outcome of endocarditis in an abacterial form;
- Pleural (pleurales) - fatty protrusions covered with pleura, located in the costal-mediastinal sinus;
- Synovial (synoyiales; articulares) - villi, in the inner layer of the synovial membrane of large joints, containing nerves and vessels and participating in the secretion of synovial fluid;
- Anchor chorion (ancorales) - secondary villi, in which the connective tissue of the distal ends is fused with the connective tissue of the endometrium.
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