Zanocin
Zanocin: instructions for use and reviews
- 1. Release form and composition
- 2. Pharmacological properties
- 3. Indications for use
- 4. Contraindications
- 5. Method of application and dosage
- 6. Side effects
- 7. Overdose
- 8. Special instructions
- 9. With impaired renal function
- 10. For violations of liver function
- 11. Drug interactions
- 12. Analogs
- 13. Terms and conditions of storage
- 14. Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
- 15. Reviews
- 16. Price in pharmacies
Latin name: Zanocin
ATX code: J01MA01
Active ingredient: ofloxacin (ofloxacin)
Manufacturer: Ranbaxy (India), Ranbaxy Ireland (Ireland)
Description and photo update: 2019-16-08
Zanocin is an antibacterial drug of the fluoroquinolone group.
Release form and composition
Zanocin is available in the following dosage forms:
- Solution for infusion (100 ml in vials, 1 bottle in a cardboard box);
- Film-coated tablets (10 pcs. In blisters, 1 blister in a cardboard box).
The composition of 1 tablet and 100 ml of infusion solution includes the active substance: ofloxacin - 200 mg.
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics
Ofloxacin, the active substance of the drug, is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent belonging to the group of fluoroquinolones. It acts on the bacterial enzyme DNA gyrase, which is responsible for supercoiling, and, accordingly, changes the stability of the DNA of microorganisms (destabilization of DNA strands causes their death). Also, the substance has a bactericidal effect.
Ofloxacin is highly resistant to the following microorganisms:
- anaerobes: Clostridium perfringens;
- gram-negative aerobes: Serratia marcescens, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (rapidly acquiring resistance), Bordetella pertussis, Providencia stuartii, Providencia rettgeri, Citrobacter koseri, Citrobacter freundii, Proteus nerabasteris, Enterobacheri, Proteus vulgaris, Proteobus miracheri Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus ducreyi, Morganella morganii, Moraxella catarrhalis;
- gram-positive aerobes: Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae (penicillin-sensitive strains), Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis (methicillin-sensitive strains), Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-sensitive) strains
- others: Ureaplasma urealyticum, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis, Legionella pneumophila, Gardnerella vaginalis.
In most cases, resistance to ofloxacin is demonstrated by Treponema pallidum, Nocardia asteroides, most strains of Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Anaerobic bacteria (including Clostridium difficile, Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptococcus spp. …
Pharmacokinetics
After oral administration, ofloxacin is absorbed quickly and almost completely (about 95%). Bioavailability is more than 96%, and the degree of binding to plasma proteins is 25%. When taken orally, the maximum concentration of the substance is reached after 1-2 hours and after ingestion in doses of 200 mg, 400 mg and 600 mg is 2.5 μg / ml, 5 μg / ml and 6.9 μg / ml, respectively.
Food intake can reduce the rate of absorption of the active component of Zanocin, but does not significantly affect its bioavailability.
After a single intravenous infusion of 200 mg of ofloxacin, continuing for 60 minutes, the average maximum plasma concentration of the substance is 2.7 μg / ml. 12 hours after administration, its value drops to 0.3 μg / ml. Equilibrium concentrations are reached only after the introduction of at least 4 doses of Zanocin. Average minimum and peak equilibrium concentrations are reached after intravenous administration of ofloxacin every 12 hours for 7 days and are 0.5 and 2.9 μg / ml, respectively.
The apparent volume of distribution reaches 100 liters. Ofloxacin is well distributed throughout the organs and tissues of the body, penetrating into the secret of the prostate gland, cells (alveolar macrophages, leukocytes), bile, saliva, urine, skin, respiratory system, bones, soft tissues, pelvic organs and abdominal cavity. The substance easily crosses the blood-brain and placental barriers, is excreted in breast milk and is detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (14-60% of the administered dose).
The processes of metabolism of ofloxacin are carried out in the liver (up to 5% of the drug is biotransformed), and the main metabolites are demethylofloxacin and ofloxacin-N-oxide. The half-life varies from 4.5 to 7 hours and does not depend on the dose. The compound is excreted in the urine - up to 75–90% unchanged, about 4% of ofloxacin is excreted in the bile. Extrarenal clearance does not exceed 20%. After a single injection of the drug in a dose of 200 mg, ofloxacin is determined in the urine for 20-24 hours.
In patients with hepatic or renal impairment, the rate of elimination of ofloxacin may be slowed down. There is no accumulation of the substance in the body. During the hemodialysis procedure, up to 10-30% of the active substance of Zanocin is removed.
Indications for use
- Infections: urinary tract, gynecological (including gonorrhea, chlamydia), ENT organs, respiratory tract, organs of vision, soft tissues and skin, gastrointestinal tract;
- Endocarditis;
- Tuberculosis (as part of a combination treatment as a second-line drug);
- Bacteremia
Contraindications
- Age under 12;
- Pregnancy and lactation;
- Hypersensitivity to drug components.
According to the instructions, Zanocin should be used with caution in patients with pathology of the central nervous system (epilepsy, cerebral atherosclerosis).
Instructions for the use of Zanocin: method and dosage
The dose of Zanocin is selected individually.
The drug is taken orally. The scheme of application is determined by the indications:
- Intestinal infections and uncomplicated urinary tract infections: 2 times a day, 200 mg;
- Infections of various etiologies: 2 times a day, 200-400 mg;
- Chlamydia: 300-400 mg 2 times a day for 7-10 days;
- E. coli prostatitis: 300 mg 2 times a day (up to 6 weeks);
- Acute uncomplicated gonorrhea: 400 mg once.
Zanocin in the form of a solution for infusion is used intravenously, drip, and infusion. The drug is usually prescribed:
- Urinary tract infections: 2 times a day, 200 mg;
- Intra-abdominal infections, infections of soft tissues, skin, respiratory tract: 2 times a day, 200-400 mg.
Side effects
During therapy, the following side effects may develop:
- Central nervous system: weakness, dizziness, sleep disturbance, headache, photophobia;
- Digestive system: stomach discomfort, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia;
- Allergic reactions: fever, rash, swelling, itching.
Overdose
Symptoms of a Zanocin overdose are: prolongation of the QT interval, dizziness, drowsiness, disorientation, lethargy, confusion, vomiting. In this case, it is recommended to perform gastric lavage and the appointment of symptomatic therapy. With a possible prolongation of the QT interval, continuous monitoring of the ECG is necessary.
special instructions
When using Zanocin, you should ensure sufficient hydration of the body. Patients are advised to avoid excessive sun exposure (ultraviolet radiation).
Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and complex mechanisms
During the period of treatment with Zanocin, it is necessary to refrain from driving vehicles and performing potentially hazardous work that require increased concentration and immediate psychomotor reactions. The use of the drug in conjunction with the intake of ethanol is strictly prohibited.
With impaired renal function
Zanocin is used with caution in patients with impaired renal function.
For violations of liver function
Patients with hepatic impairment should take the drug with caution.
Drug interactions
The effect of using Zanocin is reduced by antacids (inhibiting absorption).
In some cases, Zanocin may increase plasma theophylline levels.
Analogs
Zanocin analogs are: Dancil, Zoflox, Tarivid, Ofloxacin, Ofloxacin Zentiva, Ofloxacin-Teva, Ofloxacin Protekh, Ofloxin, Uniflox, Floxal.
Terms and conditions of storage
Store in a dark, dry place out of reach of children at temperatures up to 25 ° C.
Shelf life:
- Solution for infusion - 2 years;
- Film-coated or film-coated tablets - 3 years.
Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
Dispensed by prescription.
Reviews about Zanocin
As evidenced by reviews, Zanocin is often prescribed to patients as part of the treatment of metroendometritis, perimetritis and salpingo-oophoritis, as well as other urological and gynecological diseases. The treatment, according to experts, turned out to be highly effective and rational, since ofloxacin works well on the causative agents of these diseases. The majority of patients tolerated the therapy well, only a small part of them had side reactions in the form of diarrhea, nausea and anorexia, as well as manifestations of photosensitization during treatment with Zanocin in the warm season.
Ofloxacin is excreted through the kidneys, which makes it possible to successfully treat inflammatory processes that accompany urological diseases. Already on the 5-7th day after the start of treatment, bacteriuria disappears and the general well-being of patients improves. Side effects are extremely rare.
Zanocin can also be used to treat purulent-inflammatory diseases that are caused by E. coli and pseudomonas. It also has an immunomodulatory effect. Therefore, doctors often prescribe it for the treatment of AIDS and cancer, since such conditions are characterized by reduced immunity.
Zanocin price in pharmacies
The approximate price of Zanocin tablets in pharmacies is about 165‒190 rubles. The solution for infusion can be purchased for about 280-320 rubles.
Anna Kozlova Medical journalist About the author
Education: Rostov State Medical University, specialty "General Medicine".
Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes only and does not replace the official instructions. Self-medication is hazardous to health!
