Gairo
Gairo: instructions for use and reviews
- 1. Release form and composition
- 2. Pharmacological properties
- 3. Indications for use
- 4. Contraindications
- 5. Method of application and dosage
- 6. Side effects
- 7. Overdose
- 8. Special instructions
- 9. Application during pregnancy and lactation
- 10. Use in childhood
- 11. In case of impaired renal function
- 12. For violations of liver function
- 13. Use in the elderly
- 14. Drug interactions
- 15. Analogs
- 16. Terms and conditions of storage
- 17. Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
- 18. Reviews
- 19. Price in pharmacies
Latin name: Giro
ATX code: P01AB03
Active ingredient: ornidazole (ornidazole)
Manufacturer: Panacea Biotec (India)
Description and photo update: 2019-10-09
Prices in pharmacies: from 390 rubles.
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Gairo is an antiprotozoal and antimicrobial agent.
Release form and composition
Dosage form - tablets, film-coated: green, biconvex oblong shape with a dividing line on one side, the tablet mass under the shell is almost white (3 pcs. In a blister, in a cardboard box 1, 4, 5, 7 or 10 blisters; 10 pcs. in a blister, in a cardboard box 1 or 2 blisters; each pack also contains instructions for the use of Gairo).
The active ingredient is ornidazole, in 1 tablet - 500 mg.
Auxiliary components: lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, colloidal silicon dioxide, sodium lauryl sulfate, magnesium stearate, povidone (K-30), sodium croscarmellose, talc, water (removed during the production process).
The composition of the film shell: opadray II (85G51314) - hypromellose (HPMC 2910), macrogol-400, titanium dioxide, aluminum varnish with a quinoline yellow dye base, aluminum varnish with a brilliant blue dye base, water (removed during the production process).
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics
Ornidazole, the active substance of Gairo tablets, is a 5-nitroimidazole derivative with antiprotozoal and antimicrobial effects.
The mechanism of action is based on the biochemical reduction of the 5-nitro group of ornidazole by intracellular transport proteins of protozoa and anaerobic microorganisms. After recovery, the 5-nitro group of ornidazole interacts with the DNA cells of microorganisms, while the biosynthesis of their nucleic acids is inhibited, which causes the death of bacteria.
It is active against Entamoeba histolytica, Trichomonas vaginalis, Giardia intestinalis, Gardnerella vaginalis, Lamblia spp., As well as the obligate anaerobes Bacteroides spp. (including Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides vulgatus), Veillonella spp., Fusobacterium spp., Prevotella (P. buccae, P. bivia, P. disienstium.).
Aerobic microorganisms are insensitive to the action of ornidazole.
Pharmacokinetics
Ornidazole is highly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability is 90%. The maximum concentration in blood plasma is about 30 μg / ml, the time to reach it is 2 hours after taking a single dose of 1.5 g. The value of the indicator gradually decreases: after 24 hours - up to 9 μg / ml, after 48 hours - up to 2.5 μg / ml.
The half-life is in the range of 12 to 14 hours. The connection with plasma proteins is not less than 15%. Ornidazole crosses the blood-brain barrier.
Excretion is carried out in the form of metabolites: 60–70% - by the kidneys, 20–25% - through the intestines. Approximately 5% of the substance is excreted unchanged. Within 5 days, 85% of the taken single dose is excreted.
Indications for use
- Trichomoniasis;
- Giardiasis;
- Amebiasis, including pathologies of extraintestinal and intestinal localization (amoebic dysentery, amoebic liver abscess, asymptomatic amebiasis);
- Helicobacter pylori infections with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer while taking bismuth and antibiotic preparations;
- Anaerobic bacterial abdominal and gynecological infections caused by Bacteroides spp., Clostridium spp., Eubacterium spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp. and other anaerobic organisms sensitive to ornidazole;
- Prevention of infections before elective surgery on the reproductive organs and the gastrointestinal tract.
Contraindications
- Leukopenia, including history;
- Epilepsy and other pathologies of the nervous system;
- I trimester of pregnancy;
- Hereditary galactose intolerance, lactase deficiency, glucose-galactose malabsorption;
- Breastfeeding period;
- Age up to 3 years;
- Hypersensitivity to drug components and nitroimidazole derivatives.
It is recommended to prescribe Gairo with caution in renal and / or hepatic insufficiency, in patients with depression of the nervous system and bone marrow, in the II-III trimesters of pregnancy, in elderly patients.
Gairo, instructions for use: method and dosage
Gayro tablets are taken orally after meals with plenty of water.
Recommended dosage of Gayro:
- Trichomoniasis: adults - 1 pc. 2 times a day (morning and evening), the course of treatment is 5 days. Women are additionally recommended to use ornidazole in the form of vaginal tablets. After a control laboratory study, if necessary, the course can be repeated after 3-4 weeks. Alternative therapy regimen - 4 pcs. once to each of the sexual partners. Treatment should always be done with sexual partners at the same time. For children - the dose is determined at the rate of 25 mg per 1 kg of the child's weight and is prescribed in one dose;
- Giardiasis: patients weighing more than 35 kg - 3 pcs. 1 time per day (in the evening), with a weight of up to 35 kg - 40 mg per 1 kg of body weight 1 time per day. The course of treatment is 1-2 days;
- Amebiasis: patients with a body weight of 35-60 kg - 3 pcs. 1 time per day (in the evening), with a weight of more than 60 kg - 2 pcs. 2 times a day (morning and evening), children weighing up to 35 kg - 40 mg per 1 kg of body weight 1 time per day. The course of treatment is 3 days. An alternative treatment regimen with a duration of 5-10 days: patients with a body weight of more than 35 kg - 1 pc. 2 times a day (morning and evening), with a body weight of up to 35 kg - 25 mg per 1 kg of body weight 1 time per day;
- Asymptomatic amebiasis: adults - 1 pc. 2-3 times a day, the course of treatment is 5-7 days;
- Chronic amebiasis: adults - 1 pc. 3 times a day, the course of treatment is 5-10 days;
- Acute amoebic dysentery: 3 pcs. once;
- Liver abscess: no more than 5 pcs. once or in 2-3 doses, the course of treatment is 3-5 days in combination with tetracyclines (antibiotics) and other methods of therapy;
- Infections caused by anaerobic bacteria: adults - 1-2 pcs. 3 times a day during or after meals. Children - 10 mg per 1 kg of body weight per day, taken in equal shares 2 times a day. Gairo can be used in combination with other antibacterial agents. The course of therapy is no more than 7 days;
- Eradication (destruction) of Helicobacter pylori: 1 pc. 3 times a day, the course of treatment is 7 days while taking amoxicillin;
- Prevention of infectious pathologies caused by anaerobic bacteria, before planned surgery on the abdominal cavity, in obstetrics and gynecology: first, take 2 pcs. once, then 1 pc. 2 times a day for 3-5 days.
When Gairo is prescribed to patients with renal insufficiency, it is necessary to reduce the dose by 2 times.
Side effects
- Nervous system: weakness, headache, sleep disturbance, dizziness, muscle stiffness, tremor, impaired coordination of movements, sensory or mixed peripheral neuropathy, convulsions, temporary loss of consciousness, vertigo, irritability, increased excitability;
- Digestive system: decreased appetite, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, diarrhea, constipation, intestinal colic, perversion of taste sensations, impaired liver function tests;
- Musculoskeletal system: arthralgia;
- Hematopoietic system: leukopenia;
- Allergic reactions: itching, rash, urticaria.
Overdose
The main symptoms are: increased side effects, mainly vomiting, nausea and dizziness; in more severe cases, the development of ataxia, paresthesia, seizures, depression is possible.
Therapy: symptomatic and supportive. There is no specific antidote.
special instructions
Gayro should be used with caution in severe hepatic impairment, since there is a risk of increasing the concentration of ornidazole and its metabolites in the blood plasma.
If dizziness, ataxia and other disorders of the patient's neurological status appear, immediate withdrawal of the drug is required.
When using Gairo for more than 10 days, it is necessary to regularly monitor liver function and the picture of peripheral blood.
The possibility of continuing treatment for leukopenia depends on the degree of risk of developing an infectious process.
After the treatment of trichomonas vaginitis, before and after menstruation, control tests must be carried out for three successive cycles.
During the treatment of trichomoniasis, you should refrain from sexual intercourse.
Simultaneous therapy of each of the sexual partners is mandatory.
If there are symptoms of giardiasis after the completion of the course of treatment, 3 fecal analyzes should be performed after 3-4 weeks at intervals of 2-3 days.
Application during pregnancy and lactation
- I trimester of pregnancy, lactation period: therapy is contraindicated;
- II – III trimesters of pregnancy: the use of Gairo requires caution.
Pediatric use
Gayro is not prescribed for patients under 3 years of age.
With impaired renal function
In renal failure, the use of Gairo requires caution.
For violations of liver function
In liver failure, the use of Gairo requires caution.
Use in the elderly
Elderly patients are prescribed Gayro with caution.
Drug interactions
Gairo does not inhibit acetaldehyde dehydrogenase when combined with ethanol.
When taken simultaneously, the effect of coumarin anticoagulants is enhanced, the muscle relaxant effect of vecuronium bromide is prolonged.
Analogs
Gayro's analogues are: Avrazor, Dazolik, Quinisol, Lornisol, Ornidazole, Ornidazol-Vero, Tiberal.
Terms and conditions of storage
Store in a dark, dry place at temperatures up to 30 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children.
The shelf life is 3 years.
Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
Dispensed by prescription.
Reviews about Gairo
Reviews about Gairo are different. Those who find it suitable recommend it as a highly effective drug with good tolerance. To enhance the therapeutic effect, the agent is often used as part of a complex treatment. In other cases, users point to the development of pronounced side effects that required Gairo's withdrawal.
Price for Gairo in pharmacies
The approximate price for Gairo (10 tablets) is 391–456 rubles.
Gairo: prices in online pharmacies
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Drug name Price Pharmacy |
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Gairo 500 mg film-coated tablets 10 pcs. 390 RUB Buy |
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Gairo 500mg tablets 10 pcs. 465 RUB Buy |
Maria Kulkes Medical journalist About the author
Education: First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov, specialty "General Medicine".
Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes only and does not replace the official instructions. Self-medication is hazardous to health!
