Family planning and reproduction
The World Health Organization refers to family planning as a wide range of measures that can help both families and non-family people achieve their desired goals, namely:
- Prevent the occurrence of unwanted pregnancy;
- Get the desired offspring;
- Monitor the interval between pregnancies (optimally 2.5-3 years);
- Determine the number of children in the family and regulate the time of their birth depending on the age of the parents, excluding both too early and too late childbirth.
In particular, women in labor under the age of 20 have a high risk of complications, both during pregnancy and childbirth. In women over 35, the risk of having a child with pathologies, including Down's syndrome, increases, and with an interval between pregnancies of less than a year, infant mortality is twice as high.
In order to ensure the implementation of the goals of family planning, various types of medical and sanitary services are used:
- Provide timely qualified informational content;
- Promote and, if necessary, provide contraception;
- Special examinations and screening tests are organized with the aim of early detection of infertility and diseases leading to it.
According to medical statistics on this issue and numerous reviews, family planning contributes to a decrease in the level of infant mortality (by half!) And extramarital infertility, has a positive effect on women's, adolescent and children's health.
In modern society, family planning is one of the primary tasks of medical care, and also directly reflects the level of education and culture of a person. Its integral part can be considered the treatment and prevention of infertility, as well as AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases.
At the same time, there is a decrease in the rate of miscarriage, abortions and post-abortion complications. The importance of this factor cannot be overestimated: adolescent pregnancy that ends in abortion, as a rule, leads to infertility or miscarriage.
According to reviews, family planning and reproduction in modern domestic medical centers allows for a long time desperate couples diagnosed with infertility to become successful and happy parents.
Family planning often becomes a national task. In highly developed countries, its measures are aimed at increasing the birth rate, and in developing countries - at reducing it.
Family planning methods
The methods of family planning, first of all, include contraception. It is a set of methods for preventing pregnancy designed for women of reproductive age:
- Traditional;
- Modern;
- Irreversible.
The traditional methods include barrier, chemical and biological, that is, condoms, vaginal caps, various vaginal drugs and interrupted intercourse. The modern ones include oral contraceptives and intrauterine devices. Irreversible contraception is achieved by surgery - vasectomy or tubal ligation. The most suitable method of contraception in this particular case should be determined by the doctor.
Natural family planning
Natural family planning is based on the study of the physiological characteristics of a woman's fertility and infertility, that is, on the probability of fertilization on a particular day of the menstrual cycle. The rhythmic method of family planning can also be attributed to it, when such assumptions are made based on the fact that a woman has a consistently regular cycle.
Natural family planning involves daily analysis of basal temperature and the nature of cervical secretions. It can be used by women with irregular menstrual periods, as well as lactating and premenopausal women. The nuances of the method are trained in medical institutions and prepared for at least six months, using other methods of protection. In general, it is recommended, for the purpose of conception, to plan sexual intercourse on the 10-15th day of the cycle, and in order to prevent pregnancy during this period, refrain from them.
Thus, there are many modern, effective and affordable methods of family planning, among which, with the help of specialists, you can choose the best one that suits you.
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