Tetracycline with nystatin
Latin name: Tetracycline with nistatine
ATX code: J01RA
Active ingredient: tetracycline (Tetracycline) + nystatin (Nystatin)
Manufacturer: Biosynthesis, JSC (Russia)
Description and photo update: 2020-06-02
Prices in pharmacies: from 60 rubles.
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Tetracycline with nystatin is a combined antibiotic with antifungal effect.
Release form and composition
The drug is produced in the form of coated tablets: round, biconvex, light green; on the cross section, two layers are observed (10 pieces in a blister strip or in a glass / polymer jar, in a cardboard box 1 can or 1–5 cell packs and instructions for the use of Tetracycline with nystatin).
1 tablet contains:
- active ingredients: tetracycline - 100 mg and nystatin - 22.2 mg, which in terms of the active substance is 100,000 units of action (U) for each component;
- additional substances: lactose (milk sugar), calcium stearate, gelatin, potato starch, magnesium hydrosilicate (talc);
- shell: magnesium hydroxycarbonate (basic magnesium carbonate), sucrose (refined sugar), sunflower oil, corn dextrin, beeswax, magnesium hydrosilicate, solid petroleum paraffins, tropeolin O and indigo carmine dyes.
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics
The active ingredients of tetracycline with nystatin are the bacteriostatic antibiotic tetracycline, which is a member of the tetracyclines group, and the polyene antibiotic nystatin, which has a fungistatic effect against yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida. The presence of nystatin in the preparation reduces the number of undesirable effects of tetracycline.
By disrupting the formation of a complex between the ribosome and the transport RNA (ribonucleic acid), tetracycline suppresses protein synthesis. The active ingredient is active against the following microorganisms:
- gram-positive: Staphylococcus spp. (including Staphylococcus aureus, including strains that produce penicillinase), Streptococcus spp. (selected strains including Streptococcus pneumoniae), Bacillus anthracis, Actinomyces spp., Clostridium spp., Listeria spp.;
- gram-negative: Bordetella pertussis, Haemophilus ducreyi, Haemophilus influenzae, Enterobacter spp. (including Enterobacter aerogenes), Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Bartonella bacilliformis, Borrelia burgdorferi, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Vibrio fetus, Vibrio cholerae, Yersinia pestis, Rickettsia spp., Brucella spp., Brucella spp. (in combination with streptomycin).
Microorganisms such as Serratia spp., Proteus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, most strains of Bacteroides spp., Small viruses, fungi, β-hemolytic group A streptococci (including 74% of Streptococcus faecalis strains and 44% strains of Streptococcus pyogenes).
Pharmacokinetics
The main pharmacokinetic parameters are related to tetracycline. The absorption of the substance is 75-77%, but when the drug is used with food, it decreases. It binds to plasma proteins by 55–65%. When taken orally, the period of reaching the maximum concentration (C max) is 2-3 hours (for a therapeutic concentration, this period can vary from 2 to 3 days). Over the next 8 hours, the concentration level of tetracycline gradually decreases. With max - 1.5-3.5 mg / l, 1 mg / l is enough to achieve a therapeutic effect.
Passes through the placenta and is excreted in breast milk. The volume of distribution (V d) is 1.3-1.6 l / kg. It is characterized by an uneven distribution in the body - C maxis fixed in the lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen and lymph nodes. The content of the substance in bile is 5-10 times higher than in blood serum. The concentration of tetracycline in the tissues of the prostate and thyroid glands is similar to that detected in plasma. In ascitic and pleural fluids, saliva, human milk, 60-100% of plasma concentrations are found. In the tissues of tumors, bone tissue, dentin and enamel of milk teeth, the substance accumulates in large quantities. It penetrates poorly through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In the cerebrospinal fluid with intact meninges, the substance is not detected or is fixed in an insignificant amount - 5–10% of the plasma concentration. In the presence of diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), especially inflammatory processes in the meninges,the concentration of tetracycline in the cerebrospinal fluid can be from 8 to 36% of the plasma concentration.
Tetracycline is metabolized in the liver to an insignificant extent, the half-life (T 1/2) is 6–11 hours, with anuria - 57–108 hours. 2 hours after administration, it is found in the urine in high concentration and persists for 6–12 hours; the kidneys are eliminated in the first 12 hours up to 10–20% of the dose. Approximately 5–10% of the total dose is excreted in the bile into the intestine, where partial reabsorption occurs, which leads to prolonged circulation of the substance in the body (intestinal-hepatic circulation). Tetracycline is eliminated through the intestines - 20-50%, with the help of hemodialysis it is removed slowly.
Nystatin is almost not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), excreted in the feces. Does not show cumulative properties.
Indications for use
Tetracycline with nystatin is indicated for use in infectious lesions caused by microflora sensitive to tetracycline:
- acne, furunculosis;
- stomatitis, gingivitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis;
- tracheitis, bronchitis, pleural empyema, pneumonia;
- cholecystitis, intestinal infections;
- pyelonephritis;
- uncomplicated gonorrhea, syphilis;
- trachoma;
- purulent infections of the skin and soft tissues;
- rickettsiosis;
- brucellosis.
The nystatin contained in the drug has the goal of preventing the occurrence of candidiasis infections.
Contraindications
Absolute:
- peptic ulcer and 12 duodenal ulcer;
- liver failure;
- leukopenia;
- pregnancy and lactation;
- children and adolescence;
- hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.
Caution should be exercised with the drug in patients with renal failure.
Tetracycline with nystatin, instructions for use: method and dosage
Tetracycline tablets with nystatin are taken orally, after meals with water.
Doses of the antibacterial agent are indicated in terms of tetracycline (1 tablet contains 0.1 g of tetracycline).
It is recommended to use the drug 4 times a day for 0.5 g or every 12 hours for 0.5-1 g. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 4 g. The duration of therapy is determined by the doctor.
For the treatment of uncomplicated endocervical, urethral and rectal infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, 0.5 g should be taken 4 times a day, the course should be at least 7 days.
Side effects
- hematopoietic organs: thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, hemolytic anemia;
- nervous system: dizziness or unsteadiness when walking, increased intracranial pressure;
- urinary system: hypercreatininemia, azotemia;
- digestive system: dysphagia, glossitis, irritation of the oral mucosa, hypertrophy of the papillae of the tongue, discoloration of tooth enamel in children, nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, anorexia, esophagitis, gastritis, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, increased activity hepatic transaminases, hepatotoxic effect, hyperbilirubinemia, pancreatitis;
- allergic reactions: skin hyperemia, maculopapular rash, angioedema, drug lupus erythematosus, anaphylactoid reactions;
- others: hypovitaminosis B, photosensitivity, superinfection.
Overdose
There are no data on an overdose of the drug tetracycline with nystatin.
special instructions
Limitation of insolation is required due to the possible development of photosensitization.
In order to reduce the risk of irritation of the oral mucosa, it is recommended to thoroughly rinse your mouth after each dose.
Since the use of tetracycline with nystatin can mask the manifestations of syphilis, with the likelihood of a mixed infection, a monthly serological test is required for 4 months.
With a long course of therapy, it is necessary to periodically monitor the function of the liver, kidneys and hematopoietic organs.
To prevent hypovitaminosis, vitamins of group B and K, brewer's yeast should be taken in combination with the drug.
It has been established that all tetracyclines in any bone-forming tissue create stable complexes with calcium. As a result, during the period of tooth development, the use of the drug can lead to long-term staining of teeth in a yellow-gray-brown color, as well as to enamel hypoplasia.
Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and complex mechanisms
When taking tetracycline with nystatin, a side effect of the central nervous system is dizziness. In this regard, patients who drive vehicles or work with complex and potentially dangerous mechanisms should be careful during therapy.
Application during pregnancy and lactation
Tetracycline with nystatin is not prescribed for pregnant and breastfeeding women.
Pediatric use
The drug is contraindicated in children and adolescents.
With impaired renal function
With renal failure, it is recommended to take tetracycline with nystatin with caution.
For violations of liver function
The use of the drug is contraindicated in patients with functional disorders of the liver.
Drug interactions
- iron preparations; antacids, including aluminum, calcium and magnesium; cholestyramine: absorption of the drug decreases;
- penicillins, cephalosporins (bactericidal antibiotics that suppress cell wall synthesis): the effectiveness of these drugs is weakened;
- indirect anticoagulants: the prothrombin index decreases as a result of suppression of the intestinal microflora; a reduction in the dose of these funds is required;
- retinol: the threat of increased intracranial pressure is aggravated;
- estrogen-containing oral contraceptives: their effectiveness decreases, the risk of breakthrough bleeding increases;
- chymotrypsin: increases the concentration of the drug and the duration of its circulation.
Analogs
Analogs of Tetracycline with nystatin are Oletetrin, Ericycline in capsules.
Terms and conditions of storage
Store out of reach of children, protected from light and moisture, at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C.
Shelf life is 2 years.
Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
Dispensed by prescription.
Reviews of tetracycline with nystatin
Reviews of tetracycline with nystatin on specialized sites are very rare and are predominantly positive. Patients note the effectiveness of the drug in the treatment of infections provoked by pathogens sensitive to tetracycline. The drug has proven itself especially well in the treatment of bronchitis and pyelonephritis.
The disadvantages of the remedy, many include the appearance of side effects, mainly from the gastrointestinal tract. All patients note that the drug should be used only as directed by a doctor, and self-medication with this drug can lead to an aggravation of an infectious disease and the development of complications.
Price for Tetracycline with nystatin in pharmacies
The price of tetracycline with nystatin in the form of coated tablets can be 50–100 rubles. for 10 pcs. packaged.
Tetracycline with nystatin: prices in online pharmacies
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Drug name Price Pharmacy |
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Tetracycline with nystatin 100 mg + 22.2 mg film-coated tablets 10 pcs. RUB 60 Buy |
Maria Kulkes Medical journalist About the author
Education: First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov, specialty "General Medicine".
Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes only and does not replace the official instructions. Self-medication is hazardous to health!
