Neurology
Neurology is a branch of medicine that considers diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system, the mechanisms of their development, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. It is a vast field that includes anatomy, physiology, embryology, histology, therapy (neuropathology), and surgery (neurosurgery). Diseases and injuries of the brain, spinal cord, all types of disorders of motor and sensory innervation are included in the scope of neurology.
Diseases of the nervous system are very diverse, multiplicity of symptoms and manifestations, which is why they are often, especially in the early stages, mistaken for diseases of other systems. So, nervous diseases can manifest themselves as dermatological symptoms, pains of an unclear nature, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system, genitourinary disorders and abnormalities in the mental state. A high qualification of a doctor and accurate diagnostics are required to identify neurological pathology, otherwise patients may be unsuccessfully treated for years for misdiagnosed diseases by other specialists.
Diseases within the scope of neurology are very common, occurring at any age, including children. They can be caused by trauma, exposure to infection, impaired immune system, severe stress, and intrauterine growth disorders. Diseases of the nervous system in children are dealt with by pediatric neurology, which is a separate discipline. Pediatric neurology is of great importance, since most of the neurological diseases first appear in childhood, and only at this age can it be effectively corrected. In addition to practically the same range of diseases as adult neurology, pediatric neurology deals with congenital anomalies in the development of the brain and spinal cord, as well as their injuries resulting from birth trauma.
Currently, neurology specialists are armed with modern diagnostic methods, effective medications, the latest methods of neurosurgical operations, as well as classic, time-tested treatments. Thanks to this, most of the neurological diseases are now being successfully cured, in other cases it is possible to achieve significant relief of the condition, and sometimes long-term remission.
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