Tablets for sinusitis for adults and children: a list of drugs, reviews
The content of the article:
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Tablets for sinusitis: list and names of antibiotics
- Inhibitor-protected penicillins
- Macrolides
- Cephalosporins
- Other antibiotics
- Herbal, homeopathic, pain relief pills for sinusitis
- Video
Sinusitis is a type of sinusitis in which inflammation develops in one or both maxillary (maxillary) cavities. The disease is accompanied by nasal congestion and discharge, headache, fever, and malaise. At the same time, the severity of symptoms varies depending on the form of the disease.
When treating sinusitis, oral antibiotics are most often prescribed.
Acute sinusitis lasts up to 4 weeks, subacute and chronic usually lasts much longer. Taking into account the form of the disease and the severity of the condition, the otolaryngologist selects an adequate treatment. It is aimed at solving two problems: the destruction of the pathogen and the restoration of air exchange in the sinuses.
Improperly prescribed drugs can cause progression of the disease or its transition to a chronic form. In addition, inadequate starting antibiotic therapy (AT) most often leads to the development of a number of complications, which are conventionally divided into two groups: orbital and intracranial. The latter can lead to brain infection, and, as a result, to death.
When choosing AT, they are guided not only by the price-effectiveness ratio, the drugs must be safe and easy to use. Injectable forms of drugs are usually used in inpatient settings; tablets are more often prescribed on an outpatient basis.
Tablets for sinusitis: list and names of antibiotics
With sinusitis, antibacterial agents are prescribed at the first symptoms of the disease. The earlier treatment is started, the lower the risk of complications.
There are two types of AT:
- Empirical: given prior to culture results.
- Etiotropic: aimed at destroying the pathogen that is sensitive to it (according to the results of bacterial research).
Sowing for flora is prepared for 5-7 days, therefore, in most cases, in the acute course of the disease, the drug is selected taking into account the most likely pathogen. The starting antibiotic must have a broad spectrum of action.
For the treatment of ENT diseases are used:
- inhibitor-protected penicillins;
- macrolides;
- cephalosporins;
- alternative groups of drugs (Ciprofloxacin, Chloramphenicol).
Inhibitor-protected penicillins
Inhibitor-protected penicillins are the first line antibiotics for the treatment of sinusitis. All causative agents of ENT infections are most sensitive to this group of drugs.
The drugs of choice for sinusitis are inhibitor-protected penicillins
According to international studies, the combined drug Augmentin (amoxicillin + clavulanate) is the most effective treatment for sinusitis. It has a broad spectrum of activity, affecting gram-positive, gram-negative and anaerobic flora.
Augmentin (Amoxiclav) has no age restrictions. It can even be used by newborn babies. The drug is available in several dosage forms: syrup, injection and tablets.
The average course of treatment is 7-14 days. In case of mild and moderate course of the disease, the agent is prescribed in the form of tablets. In severe cases, stepwise therapy is indicated (transition from injectable forms to tablets). Most doctors and patients leave positive feedback on Augmentin treatment.
Macrolides
Macrolides are a group of broad-spectrum antibiotics. For the treatment of sinusitis, azithromycin (Azithromycin, Sumamed) is most often used. It is an alternative drug in the ENT clinic. It is prescribed for mild and moderate forms of the disease.
The average duration of the course of treatment with macrolides is 3 days.
The advantage of azithromycin is the cumulative effect. These are the only pills for sinusitis - antibiotics that can be taken for 3 days (the rest - from 5 days). After the end of the intake, the substance will circulate in the blood for 72 hours.
Azithromycin and Sumamed are sold in packs of 3. One tablet contains 500 mg of active ingredient (azithromycin).
Cephalosporins
For the treatment of sinusitis, cephalosporins of the II-III generation are prescribed. This group of drugs has a wide range of effects. The effectiveness of cephalosporins is less than that of protected penicillins. Despite this, they belong to the first line of drugs.
The second generation includes cefuroxime, cefaclor, cefoxitin, etc., to the third generation - cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, etc. Generation III cephalosporins were previously used only in stationary conditions for the treatment of severe infections, however, due to the increase in antibiotic resistance, they are often prescribed for outpatient treatment. IV generation drugs are inappropriate to use, since they belong to reserve antibiotics and are used in case of resistance to all other groups of drugs.
The average course of treatment is 5-7 days.
Other antibiotics
Alternative drugs are used when the pathogen is resistant to the main groups of antibiotics. These drugs include clarithromycin, doxycycline, levofloxacin.
In severe sinusitis, preference is given to injectable fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins of the III-IV generation and other reserve drugs. If Pseudomonas aeruginosa is sown, agents that have an activity in relation to it (for example, Tymentin) are prescribed.
The otolaryngologist decides what antibiotics to drink for the patient. You should not take medicines from this group on your own.
Herbal, homeopathic, pain relief pills for sinusitis
Herbal medicine for sinusitis is not an alternative to antibiotics. However, it can be recommended as an adjunct treatment. Phytoncides of medicinal plants stop swelling and inflammation of the nasal mucosa, and also greatly facilitate breathing.
Sinupret is an effective drug that has anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating and indirect antiviral effects
Sinupret herbal sinusitis tablets inhibit secretion, which leads to a decrease in edema. In addition, they have anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating and indirect antiviral effects. The active components of the drug - gentian root, verbena herb, primrose flowers with calyxes, elder flowers, sorrel herb, suppress the division of respiratory viruses (influenza, parainfluenza, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus). The product restores drainage and ventilation of the maxillary sinuses, stimulates the protective function of the epithelium of the respiratory tract.
Children are prescribed the drug in the form of drops or syrup, the tablet form is recommended for adults. On average, sinusitis should be treated for 1–2 weeks. If necessary, the course is extended.
Cinnabsin is a complex homeopathic remedy used in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammation of the paranasal sinuses - sinusitis, frontal sinusitis
Cinnabsin is a homeopathic complex medicine that relieves headaches, lacrimation, and inflammation of the sinuses. Despite the fact that the world medical community does not recognize the effectiveness of homeopathy, many patients leave positive reviews about the therapeutic effect of the remedy. The main advantages are considered to be a convenient form of release and the absence of side effects.
Acetylcysteine (ACC, Asibrox) is a mucolytic drug that loosens mucus. ACC is better known as a cough suppressant. However, the active components that make up its composition thin not only phlegm, but also the secret of the sinuses. Mucolytics stimulate sinus drainage, relieve symptoms of nasal congestion, and allow sinus drainage. The duration of use is determined by the doctor.
Antipyretic drugs are used for high fever (39–41 ° C). NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) lower body temperature and normalize the general condition. In addition, they have an analgesic effect.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are indicated for headache and high body temperature
Painkillers for sinusitis in adults and children are taken in the absence of contraindications. You can not drink analgesics for stomach ulcers and disorders of the cardiovascular system. Adults can take aspirin, mefenamic acid, nimesil, etc. Children are prescribed only paracetamol and ibuprofen. All other NSAIDs are prohibited in pediatric practice.
To improve the condition of the nasal mucosa, saline washes are indicated. The solution can be purchased at the pharmacy or prepared by yourself. To do this, 1 / 3-1 / 2 teaspoon of table or sea salt is dissolved in 200 ml of warm boiled water. Also, to maintain the normal physiological state of the nasal mucosa, thin mucus and facilitate its removal, it is possible to use sprays and nasal drops based on seawater. These include Marimer, Aqua Maris, Sialor Aqua, etc.
To restore breathing, vasoconstrictor drops (Xylometazoline, Oxymetazoline) are used. Due to the high risk of atrophy of the nasal mucosa, these drugs are not recommended for use longer than 5 days.
Sinusitis treatment requires an integrated approach. Since there is a high risk of purulent complications, therapy should be prescribed and carried out under the supervision of an ENT doctor.
Video
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Yulia Evtekhova Therapist About the author
Education: Dnepropetrovsk State Medical Academy.
Work experience: Nurse of the Rheumatology Department of Dnepropetrovsk City Hospital No. 11.
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