Lipid-lowering diet
Patients with coronary artery disease who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting are at increased risk. As a rule, published in large quantities diets for atherosclerosis are insufficiently effective for those patients who have already developed critical stenosis of the heart vessels and have an increased risk of coronary artery disease.
The main principle of a lipid-lowering diet is to minimize the consumption of easily digestible carbohydrates and cholesterol. And if the patients also have a large excess weight, it is necessary to take care of reducing the calorie content of food.
The lipid-lowering diet is general. The doctor can make appropriate amendments for various disorders of lipid metabolism. A big role is played by a complete refusal to eat after 19 hours. And dinner should consist of foods that are rich in fiber and do not contain cholesterol (fruits and vegetables).
General rules and recommendations for a lipid-lowering diet
Subject to a lipid-lowering diet, nutritionists recommend strictly adhering to the following rules:
- Fasting is strictly prohibited. Of course, many starve to lose weight and maintain health, but this is not provided for by a lipid-lowering diet. You should adhere to the correct diet and do not take long breaks between meals. Otherwise, the body, not receiving the necessary calories, will store fat in reserve;
- It is necessary to eat often and in small portions. The following nutritional scheme is optimal: 3 main meals and 2 additional meals;
- It is necessary to monitor the calorie content of recipes with a lipid-lowering diet. The average amount of calories consumed per day should not exceed 1200 kcal. However, if you have significant physical activity, for example, go in for sports, then in this case the number of calories should be increased. For this, it would be better to contact a nutritionist;
- Monitor your body condition. Try to tune in to a positive result;
- Make the right lipid-lowering diet menu for every day and stick to it strictly.
What can not be included in the lipid-lowering diet menu?
If you are on a lipid-lowering diet, it is forbidden to eat the following foods rich in saturated fats:
- Fatty dairy products and milk. Heavy cream, condensed milk, sour cream, cottage cheese, cheese, kefir, ice cream, yogurt, yogurt, milk shake, and cereals cooked in milk are prohibited;
- Margarines, cooking and pork fat, palm and coconut oil;
- Lamb and pork, as well as products made from them (ham, brisket, bacon, neck, carbonate, ham, various smoked meats, lard and products that may include them). Do not eat sausages, boiled sausages, steaks, cutlets, sausages, canned meat, meatballs, and fatty meat broths;
- Red poultry meat and leather;
- Various offal (liver, brain, lungs, kidneys);
- Sturgeon, crabs, crayfish, shellfish, shrimp, liver and fish roe;
- Confectionery and bakery products made from premium flour (pastries, biscuits, cakes), since they contain sugar, eggs and milk;
- Sugar;
- Any pasta;
- Eggs;
- Grain coffee, cocoa, chocolate;
- Sweet carbonated drinks and alcohol (sweet fortified wines, beer, liqueurs).
What foods should be included in the lipid-lowering diet menu?
If you follow a lipid-lowering diet, you should consume the following foods in large quantities every day:
- Vegetable oil - olive, sunflower, corn, cottonseed, rapeseed;
- All vegetables. It is recommended to include fresh vegetables in recipes for a lipid-lowering diet, as well as frozen and canned (sugar-free) dried fruits. Recipes for a lipid-lowering diet such as cold vegetarian borsch and vinaigrette are perfect;
- Any greens (onions, basil, celery, parsley, dill, spinach, sorrel, etc.), garlic;
- Seaweed;
- Still mineral water, fruit drinks and sugar-free fruit juices;
- Saltwater fish (navaga, sprat, haddock, ice, cod, hake, sardine, halibut, herring). Perfect for recipes for a lipid-lowering diet, baked fish, marinated and fried in vegetable oil;
- Oatmeal on the water.
In a limited amount (no more than two servings per week), subject to a lipid-lowering diet, the following products are allowed:
- Lean beef and white poultry. It is preferable to boil the meat, grill or in the microwave. But frying or stewing is not recommended;
- Secondary broth made from lean chicken or lean beef;
- All river fish;
- Buckwheat in water without oil;
- Mushrooms;
- Potatoes previously soaked in water for an hour. Boil the potatoes. Sometimes you can fry it in a little vegetable oil;
- Soy sauce, ketchup, mustard, adjika, herbs and spices;
- Instant coffee and tea without sugar;
- Rye and bran bread;
- Almonds, walnuts and hazelnuts;
- Sugar-free chewing gum;
- Alcohol, namely: dry wine, whiskey, cognac, vodka.
Sample menu of a lipid-lowering diet
The approximate diet of the day of the lipid-lowering diet looks like this:
- Breakfast: brown rice porridge with 1 teaspoon of natural honey, 1 glass of freshly squeezed juice with pulp;
- Second breakfast: several rice crackers, 1 glass of skim milk and one large fruit;
- Lunch: oatmeal, a portion of boiled shrimp, mineral water and 150 g of fresh pineapple;
- Afternoon snack: a glass of low-fat kefir and some kind of fruit;
- Dinner: steamed fish and green vegetables.
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