Ethanol
Ethyl alcohol: instructions for use and reviews
- 1. Release form and composition
- 2. Pharmacological properties
- 3. Indications for use
- 4. Contraindications
- 5. Method of application and dosage
- 6. Side effects
- 7. Overdose
- 8. Special instructions
- 9. Application during pregnancy and lactation
- 10. Use in childhood
- 11. Drug interactions
- 12. Analogs
- 13. Terms and conditions of storage
- 14. Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
- 15. Reviews
- 16. Price in pharmacies
Latin name: Ethanol
ATX code: D08AX08
Active ingredient: ethanol (Ethanol)
Producer: JSC PCFK "Medkhimprom" (Russia), LLC "BioFarmKombinat" (Russia), LLC "Hippocrat" (Russia), JSC "Vladivostok pharmaceutical factory" (Russia), JSC "Flora Kavkaza" (Russia), JSC "RFK" (Russia), JSC PFC Obnovlenie (Russia), CJSC NII Rosbio (Russia), etc.
Description and photo update: 05.11.2018
Ethyl alcohol is an antiseptic.
Release form and composition
- solution for external use / external use and preparation of dosage forms 40, 70, 90 and 95%: colorless transparent mobile volatile liquid with a characteristic alcoholic odor (solutions of 40, 70 and 90% - 50 or 100 ml each in an orange glass bottle, 100 ml in a jar of orange glass, in a cardboard box 1 bottle / 1 can and instructions for the use of Ethyl alcohol; for hospitals - in a cardboard box / cardboard box 40 bottles / cans *; 95% solution - 50 or 100 ml each in a glass / orange bottle glasses, in a cardboard box 1 bottle; for hospitals - in a cardboard box / cardboard box 70 bottles of 50 ml or 40 bottles of 100 ml *);
- concentrate for the preparation of a solution for external use / external use and preparation of dosage forms 95%: colorless transparent mobile volatile liquid with a characteristic alcoholic odor (25, 50 or 100 ml in a bottle of glass melt / polyethylene terephthalate, in a cardboard box 1 bottle; 5 or 10 ml in a dropper tube with a valve or screw neck, in a cardboard box of 1, 2, 5 or 10 dropper tubes; for hospitals - in a cardboard box / corrugated cardboard box 40 bottles of 100 ml or 70 bottles of 50 or 25 ml *).
* Other types of packaging are also possible.
The active ingredient of the drug is ethanol (ethyl alcohol), an additional component is purified water.
Solution for external use / external use and preparation of dosage forms 95% and concentrate for preparation of solution for external use / external use and preparation of dosage forms 95% are a mixture of ethanol with water, containing 95% ethanol by volume.
In 100 g of solution for external use / external use and preparation of dosage forms 40, 70, 90%, depending on the manufacturer, the ethanol content can be 36; 67.5; 92.7 g or 42.1; 73.7; 94.7 g, respectively.
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics
Ethyl alcohol is an antimicrobial agent intended for local use, which has an antiseptic effect, denaturing proteins of microorganisms. Ethanol is active against viruses and gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The antiseptic effect increases with an increase in the concentration of the active ingredient of the drug.
In order to disinfect the skin, a 70% solution of ethyl alcohol is used, since it penetrates better into the deeper layers of the epidermis than 90–95%, which demonstrates a tanning effect on the skin and mucous membranes.
In the case of systemic use, the drug can cause analgesia and general anesthesia. Cells of the central nervous system, mainly cells of the cerebral cortex, have a special sensitivity to ethanol, in which, as a result of exposure to the drug, a characteristic alcoholic excitement occurs due to a weakening of the course of inhibition processes. In the future, inhibition of excitation processes in the cortex, suppression of the medulla oblongata and the spinal cord with inhibition of the activity of the respiratory center is also noted.
For some drugs, ethanol is a solvent, and also refers to extractants for a number of substances that are part of medicinal plants.
Pharmacokinetics
When used externally, ethanol is absorbed from the skin and mucous membranes into the systemic circulation. The metabolic transformation of the drug occurs in the liver with the participation of the isoenzyme CYP2E1, of which it is an inducer.
Indications for use
- therapy of the initial stages of diseases: panaritium, furuncle, mastitis;
- treatment of the surgeon's hands (methods of Alfred, Fürbringer), the surgical field (including in patients with hypersensitivity to other antiseptics, in children, as well as in adults during operations on areas with thin skin - on the face and neck);
- production of dosage forms for external use, extracts, tinctures;
- conservation of biological material.
Ethyl alcohol can be used as a local irritant.
Contraindications
A contraindication for the use of the drug is the presence of hypersensitivity to ethanol.
Use ethyl alcohol with caution in children, pregnant and breastfeeding women.
Ethyl alcohol, instructions for use: method and dosage
The drug is used externally in the form of lotions, compresses and rubdowns. It is recommended to use a 40% ethanol solution as an irritant to avoid burns.
For preoperative disinfection of the surgeon's hands and treatment of the operating field, it is recommended to use a 70% solution.
Solutions of 90 and 95% should be diluted to the required concentrations and then used as indicated.
Side effects
Against the background of the use of the drug, such undesirable phenomena as hyperemia and soreness of the skin in the area of the compress, skin burns, and allergic reactions may be noted.
Since when applied externally, ethanol is partially absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes, it is able to have a resorptive general toxic effect (depression of the central nervous system).
Overdose
With prolonged use of ethyl alcohol in large doses, the risk of developing dose-dependent adverse reactions increases. Treatment in this case is symptomatic.
special instructions
Medicines prepared on the basis of ethanol must be used in accordance with the instructions for use of these medicines.
Do not use ethyl alcohol near open flames.
Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and complex mechanisms
Topically applied ethanol does not affect the ability to drive complex mechanisms and vehicles. However, with a long course of treatment in high doses, it can be absorbed into the systemic circulation and thereby lead to a decrease in psychomotor reactions in sensitive patients, which should be taken into account by persons engaged in potentially hazardous activities.
For drugs prepared on the basis of ethanol, the effect on the ability to drive a car and other complex equipment is established in accordance with the instructions for the medical use of these dosage forms.
Application during pregnancy and lactation
During pregnancy and lactation, it is recommended to use ethyl alcohol with caution, after consulting a specialist.
Pediatric use
In pediatric practice, treatment with the drug should be carried out with caution, since when used externally, it is partially absorbed through the mucous membranes and skin.
Drug interactions
When applied externally simultaneously with preparations containing organic compounds, denaturation of protein components is possible.
Do not mix ethyl alcohol with other drugs that can reduce its specific activity.
Analogs
The analogues of ethyl alcohol are: Medical antiseptic solution, Septol-Sol, pharmaceutical antiseptic solution for the preparation of dosage forms, medical ethanol.
Terms and conditions of storage
Store in a cool place, out of reach of children, away from fire, in a well-sealed container.
The shelf life of a solution of 40, 70, 90 or 95% is from 2 to 5 years (depending on the manufacturer), a 95% concentrate is 5 years.
Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
Dispensed by prescription.
Reviews about ethyl alcohol
Reviews about ethyl alcohol are almost all positive. Many patients believe that this antiseptic should be mandatory in every first-aid kit, since it is necessary for disinfection, injections, making tinctures or extracts at home. The drug is used to cauterize acne, when fighting acne, it treats wounds, cuts, various rashes, insect bites (mosquitoes in particular). Alcohol compresses, according to reviews, help well with bronchial congestion and pain in the joints. Some patients use rubbing alcohol to reduce fever.
Also, patients note that the drug should be used with caution in order to avoid the appearance of a burn on the treated area or the possible development of an allergic reaction. The disadvantage of the drug is sometimes considered that it is available only by prescription.
The price of ethyl alcohol in pharmacies
The price of ethyl alcohol for a bottle of 70% solution for external use with a volume of 100 ml is approximately 15 rubles.
Maria Kulkes Medical journalist About the author
Education: First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov, specialty "General Medicine".
Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes only and does not replace the official instructions. Self-medication is hazardous to health!
