Tylenol
Tylenol: instructions for use and reviews
- 1. Release form and composition
- 2. Pharmacological properties
- 3. Indications for use
- 4. Contraindications
- 5. Method of application and dosage
- 6. Side effects
- 7. Overdose
- 8. Special instructions
- 9. Application during pregnancy and lactation
- 10. Use in childhood
- 11. In case of impaired renal function
- 12. For violations of liver function
- 13. Drug interactions
- 14. Analogs
- 15. Terms and conditions of storage
- 16. Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
- 17. Reviews
- 18. Price in pharmacies
Latin name: Tylenol
ATX code: N02BE01
Active ingredient: paracetamol (Paracetamol)
Manufacturer: Johnson & Johnson (USA); McNeill-PPC, Inc. (McNeil PPC, Inc.) (USA); Cilag, AG (Switzerland)
Description and photo updated: 28.08.
Tylenol is an analgesic and antipyretic drug. The drug inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins in the central nervous system, inhibits cyclooxygenase and increases heat transfer.
Release form and composition
The drug is available in the form of caplets (caplets) (in blisters of 10 pcs., In a cardboard box 1 blister; in strips of 2 pcs., In a cardboard box 50 strips; each pack also contains instructions for using Tylenol).
One caplet of the drug contains 500 mg of paracetamol and auxiliary components.
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics
Tylenol belongs to the group of non-narcotic analgesics, used mainly in the treatment of colds.
Paracetamol affects the centers of pain and thermoregulation, helping to reduce body temperature and relieve pain. It does not have a negative effect on water-salt metabolism, the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract, does not lead to the retention of water and sodium ions.
Pharmacokinetics
Paracetamol after oral administration is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, mainly the substance is absorbed in the small intestine, mainly by passive transport.
C max (maximum concentration) in blood plasma after a single dose of 500 mg of paracetamol is reached in 10-60 minutes and is approximately 6 μg / ml, then the value of this indicator gradually decreases and after 6 hours is 11-12 μg / ml.
Paracetamol is widely distributed in tissues and mainly in body fluids, with the exception of cerebrospinal fluid and adipose tissue.
The binding of the substance to proteins is less than 10%; with an overdose, this indicator slightly increases. Glucuronide and sulfate metabolites do not bind to plasma proteins even in relatively high concentrations.
Metabolism of the substance occurs mainly in the liver by conjugation with glucuronide, conjugation with sulfate and oxidation with the participation of mixed liver oxidases and cytochrome P450.
N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine is a hydroxylated metabolite with a negative effect, formed in very small amounts in the kidneys and liver when exposed to mixed oxidases. It is usually detoxified by binding to glutathione, but overdose can accumulate and cause tissue damage.
Most of paracetamol in adult patients binds to glucuronic acid, to a lesser extent with sulfuric acid. These conjugated metabolites have no biological activity. Sulfate metabolite predominates in premature babies, newborns and during the first year of life.
T 1/2 (half-life) - from 1 to 3 hours. In the presence of cirrhosis of the liver, this figure is slightly higher. Renal clearance - 5%.
Excretion is carried out mainly in the form of sulfate and glucuronide conjugates. Up to 5% of the dose is excreted in the form of an unchanged substance.
Indications for use
- febrile syndrome accompanying infectious diseases;
- pain syndrome of weak and moderate intensity (headache, toothache, myalgia, arthralgia, sore throat, migraine, algomenorrhea, neuralgia, general malaise).
Contraindications
Tylenol is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic and / or renal dysfunction, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, in children and adolescents under 12 years of age, as well as in individuals with individual hypersensitivity to certain components of the drug.
Tylenol, instructions for use: method and dosage
Tylenol caplets are taken orally. A single dose of the drug is 2 caplets, the frequency of application is 3-4 times a day. It is allowed to take no more than 8 caplets per day.
Side effects
During drug treatment, adverse reactions are rare. Side effects from the digestive tract (pain in the abdominal region, nausea) and allergic reactions (urticaria, itching, rash) are possible.
Overdose
The main symptoms are:
- the first 24 hours: pallor, vomiting, nausea, pain in the abdominal region;
- after 12–48 hours: liver / kidney damage, which may be accompanied by liver failure (coma, encephalopathy, death), pancreatitis and cardiac arrhythmias. The development of liver damage in adults is possible when taking 10 g of paracetamol or more.
Therapy: oral methionine or intravenous N-acetylcysteine.
special instructions
Tylenol should not be taken for long periods. In case of fever, the maximum duration of use of the drug is 3 days, with pain syndrome - 10 days.
Application during pregnancy and lactation
Tylenol can be taken during pregnancy / lactation by consultation with your doctor.
Pediatric use
The drug is not prescribed for children under 12 years of age.
With impaired renal function
Tylenol is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment.
For violations of liver function
Tylenol is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment.
Drug interactions
It is not recommended to combine taking Tylenol with the use of other medicines containing paracetamol, as an overdose of paracetamol is possible.
Analogs
Tylenol analogs are: Panadol, Ifimol, Calpol, Paracetamol, Efferalgan, Acetaminophen, Mexalen, Febriset, Pamol, Daleron, Perfalgan and others.
Terms and conditions of storage
Store in places inaccessible to children at a temperature of + 15 … +30 ° C.
The shelf life of the drug is 4 years.
Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
Available without a prescription.
Reviews about Tylenol
Reviews about Tylenol are mostly positive. It is noted that the effect of the drug develops rapidly. At the same time, they indicate that the recommended dosage should not be exceeded, since this can lead to the development of serious side effects, mainly from the liver.
The price of Tylenol in pharmacies
The price of Tylenol is unknown because the drug is not available in pharmacies.
The approximate cost of analogues: Paracetamol (10 tablets of 500 mg each) - 5 rubles, Efferalgan (16 effervescent tablets of 500 mg each) - 150 rubles, Panadol (12 tablets of 500 mg) - 33 rubles.
Maria Kulkes Medical journalist About the author
Education: First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov, specialty "General Medicine".
Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes only and does not replace the official instructions. Self-medication is hazardous to health!
