Loraxon
Instructions for use:
- 1. Release form and composition
- 2. Indications for use
- 3. Contraindications
- 4. Method of application and dosage
- 5. Side effects
- 6. Special instructions
- 7. Drug interactions
- 8. Analogs
- 9. Terms and conditions of storage
- 10. Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
Loraxon is a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic.
Release form and composition
Dosage form - powder for preparation of a solution for intravenous (i / v) and intramuscular (i / m) administration: crystalline mass from white with a yellow tint to white (0.5 g or 1 g each in 10 ml vials, in a cardboard a pack of 1 or 12 vials complete with 1 or 12 ampoules of solvent, respectively, or without them).
The active ingredient of Loraxon is ceftriaxone (in the form of sodium salt), in 1 bottle - 500 or 1000 mg.
Solvent: water for injection, in 1 ampoule - 5 or 10 ml.
Indications for use
The use of Loraxon is indicated for the treatment of diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to ceftriaxone:
- Meningitis;
- Sepsis;
- Peritonitis, inflammatory pathologies of the biliary tract and gastrointestinal tract;
- Pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections;
- Skin infections;
- Urinary tract and kidney infections;
- Joint and bone infections;
- Gonorrhea and other genital infections;
- Infectious and inflammatory diseases in otolaryngology;
- Infections in immunocompromised patients.
In addition, the drug is prescribed for the prevention of infections in the postoperative period.
Contraindications
- I trimester of pregnancy;
- Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins and penicillins.
With caution, it is necessary to prescribe the drug to premature infants, newborns with hyperbilirubinemia, with the development of enteritis or colitis while taking antibacterial agents, with ulcerative colitis, renal and / or hepatic failure, in the II and III trimesters of pregnancy and during breastfeeding.
Method of administration and dosage
After preparation of the solution, the powder is injected intravenously or intramuscularly.
Recommended rules for dissolving and administering the drug:
- In / in jet injection: 1 g of powder is diluted in 10 ml of solvent (water for injection), the introduction is carried out slowly over 2-4 minutes;
- Intravenous drip injection: 2 g of powder is diluted in 40 ml of a calcium-free solution (5% or 10% dextrose solution, 5% fructose solution or 0.9% sodium chloride solution), administered by infusion over 30 minutes;
- IM injection: 1 g of powder is diluted in 3.5 ml of 1% lidocaine solution, deep injection into the gluteus muscle is performed (no more than 1 g of the drug in 1 buttock). It is impossible to enter a solution of lidocaine intravenously!
The dose and treatment period are prescribed by the attending physician based on clinical indications.
The recommended single daily dosage of Loraxon has age restrictions:
- Patients over 12 years old: 1-2 g (for infections caused by moderately sensitive pathogens and severe forms of the disease, an increase in the dose of up to 4 g is allowed);
- Children under 12 years of age, including infants: the drug is prescribed at the rate of 0.02-0.075 g per 1 kg of body weight, with a dose higher than 0.05 g per 1 kg of body weight, the drug should be administered intravenously drip within 30 minutes. For children weighing 50 kg or more, adult doses are recommended;
- Newborns under 2 weeks of age: at the rate of 0.02-0.05 g per 1 kg of weight.
In children, including newborns, treatment of bacterial meningitis begins with a daily dose of 0.1 g per 1 kg of body weight, the maximum allowable dose is 4 g per day. The dose must be adjusted after isolation of the pathogenic microorganism and determination of its sensitivity. The period of treatment depends on the infectious agent:
- Meningococcus - 4 days;
- Haemophilus influenzae (Pfeifer's stick) - 6 days;
- Pneumococcus - 7 days;
- Sensitive enterobacteriaceae - 10-14 days.
In the treatment of gonorrhea caused by a strain that forms and does not form penicillinase, a single intramuscular administration of 0.25 g of the drug is prescribed.
To prevent the development of infection during surgery, it is recommended to inject 1-2 g of ceftriaxone once 1-1.5 hours before the operation.
Patients with impaired renal function with creatinine clearance (KK) above 10 ml / min and normal liver function should not reduce the dose of ceftriaxone.
With severe renal failure (CC less than 10 ml / min), the daily dose of Loraxon should not exceed 2 g. In patients after hemodialysis, the dose of the drug should not be changed.
In case of impaired liver function and normal renal function, the dose should not be reduced. It is necessary to regularly monitor the level of ceftriaxone concentration in the blood serum in patients with simultaneous severe liver and kidney pathology.
Side effects
- Digestive system: taste disturbance, nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, abdominal pain, flatulence, glossitis, pseudomembranous enterocolitis, stomatitis, dysbiosis, liver dysfunction (in the form of increased activity of liver enzymes, rarely alkaline phosphatase or bilirubin, cholestatic jaundice);
- Hematopoietic system: neutropenia, leukopenia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytosis, lymphopenia, hypocoagulation, hemolytic anemia, prolongation of prothrombin time, decrease in the concentration of plasma coagulation factors (II, VII, IX, X);
- Urinary system: impaired renal function (increased blood urea), azotemia, hypercreatininemia, cylindruria, glucosuria, oliguria, anuria, hematuria;
- Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching, hives, fever, or chills; rarely - eosinophilia, bronchospasm, serum sickness, polymorphic exudative erythema (including Stevens-Johnson syndrome), anaphylactic shock, angioedema;
- Local reactions: soreness along the vein, phlebitis, soreness and infiltration at the place of intramuscular injection;
- Others: dizziness, headache, nosebleeds, superinfection, candidiasis.
special instructions
The appointment of the drug should be made on a detailed history taking.
It is necessary to regularly monitor the level of concentration of ceftriaxone in the blood plasma in patients with simultaneous severe hepatic and renal failure and in patients on hemodialysis.
With long-term therapy, it is necessary to regularly monitor the indicators of the functional state of the kidneys and liver, the picture of peripheral blood.
In rare cases, ultrasound (ultrasound) of the gallbladder may indicate transient blackouts, which are sometimes accompanied by pain in the right hypochondrium. In this case, the patient should be prescribed additional symptomatic treatment and continue drug therapy.
During the period of application of Loraxon, the use of alcoholic beverages is contraindicated.
If anaphylactic shock develops, the patient should immediately inject epinephrine intravenously, and then a glucocorticosteroid.
When treating elderly and debilitated patients, it may be necessary to prescribe vitamin K.
Given the ability of ceftriaxone to displace bilirubin associated with serum albumin, great care should be taken in the treatment of newborns with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature infants.
Drug interactions
Despite the synergism between ceftriaxone and aminoglycosides in relation to the effect on a significant number of gram-negative bacteria, their simultaneous administration is indicated for severe, life-threatening infections of the patient. Given the physical incompatibility of the drug with aminoglycosides, it is necessary to prescribe them separately in the recommended doses.
The drug is incompatible with ethanol.
When Loraxon is combined with platelet aggregation inhibitors, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the likelihood of bleeding increases. When taken together with nephrotoxic drugs (including loop diuretics), the risk of developing nephrotoxicity increases.
The drug should not be mixed in the same syringe or infusion bottle with another antibiotic.
Analogs
Loraxon's analogs are: Azaran, Rocefin, Ceftriaxone-Promed, Cefogram, Ceftriaxone-Elfa, Cefson, Ceftriaxon-Jodas, Ceftriaxon-Protekh, Cefatrin, Ceftriabol, Cefaxon.
Terms and conditions of storage
Store in a dark place at temperatures up to 25 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children.
Shelf life is 2 years.
Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
Dispensed by prescription.
Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes only and does not replace the official instructions. Self-medication is hazardous to health!
