Metronidazole
Instructions for use:
- 1. Pharmacological action
- 2. Release form
- 3. Indications for use
- 4. Contraindications
- 5. Instructions for use
- 6. Side effects
- 7. Storage conditions
Prices in online pharmacies:
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Metronidazole is an effective antibacterial and antiprotozoal synthetic drug with a broad spectrum of action.
pharmachologic effect
The active ingredient Metronidazole has antimicrobial and antiprotozoal effect against:
- Peptococcus niger.;
- Bacteroides spp., Including Bacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium spp., Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides vulgatus;
- Entamoeba histolytica;
- Clostridium spp.;
- Trichomonas vaginalis;
- Eubacterium spp.;
- Peptostreptococcus spp;
Metronidazole in combination with amoxicillin is also effective against Helicobacter pylori.
According to the instructions, Metronidazole causes sensitization to alcohol, increases the sensitivity of tumors to radiation and stimulates reparative processes.
Release form
Metronidazole is available in various dosage forms:
- Flat-cylindrical white tablets Metronidazole, 250 mg of active ingredient, 20 pieces in cans, 10 pieces in a blister;
- Suppositories Metronidazole containing 0.1 g of the drug in each suppository. 10 candles per pack;
- Yellowish transparent solution for infusion in polyethylene bottles containing 500 mg of active ingredient;
- Colorless 1% vaginal gel. 100 g of Metronidazole gel contains 1 g of active ingredient. In aluminum tubes of 30 g, complete with an applicator.
Indications for the use of Metronidazole
According to the instructions Metronidazole is used to treat:
- Infections caused by Bacteroides species - of the abdominal cavity, including peritonitis and abscess of the liver, pelvic organs, including endomyometritis, endometritis, infections of the vaginal vault after surgery, abscess of the fallopian tubes and ovaries, as well as infections of soft tissues and skin;
- Infections caused by Bacteroides and Clostridium species - sepsis;
- Gastritis or duodenal ulcers caused by Helicobacter pylori;
- Protozoal infections - intestinal amebiasis, balantidiasis, extraintestinal amebiasis, trichomoniasis, including amoebic liver abscess, trichomonas vaginitis, giardiasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis, trichomonas urethritis;
- Infections caused by Bacteroides spp., Including B. distasonis, B. fragilis, B. vulgalus B. ovatus, B. thetaiotaomicron - infections of the joints, bones, central nervous system, including brain abscess and meningitis, as well as pneumonia, bacterial endocarditis, empyema and lung abscess;
- Alcoholism;
- Pseudomembranous colitis, which is associated with the use of antibiotics.
Also Metronidazole is used according to the instructions:
- For the prevention of postoperative complications in the peri-rectal region and colon, gynecological operations and appendectomy;
- For radiation therapy in oncology, as a radiosensitizing agent.
Suppositories Metronidazole are used for urogenital trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginitis, which cause microorganisms that are sensitive to the drug.
Contraindications
According to the instructions, Metronidazole is contraindicated for use with:
- Organic lesions of the central nervous system, including epilepsy;
- Leukopenia, incl. in the anamnesis;
- Hepatic failure if large doses are prescribed.
Taking Metronidazole is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, as well as in the first trimester of pregnancy and lactation.
Metronidazole is prescribed with caution in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, as well as in renal or hepatic failure.
Instructions for the use of Metronidazole
According to the description, Metronidazole tablets are taken after meals. The dosage and duration of treatment depends on the disease:
- With trichomoniasis - 2 tablets of Metronidazole twice a day for 10 days. Also, during treatment, it is necessary to apply intravaginally Metronidazole suppositories, 2 suppositories twice a day - in the evening and in the morning. In this case, therapy with suppositories Metronidazole is recommended to start at the beginning of the menstrual cycle, and during this period, avoid douching. If necessary, the course of treatment for trichomoniasis can be repeated in a month. The dosage of the drug for children depends on age - at 2-5 years old, 250 mg per day is prescribed, at 5-10 years old - up to 375 mg, older - up to 500 mg per day;
- With giardiasis, Metronidazole is used for 5-7 days twice a day, 2 tablets;
- If a cyst is detected in asymptomatic amebiasis - within 5-7 days, 2 tablets of Metronidazole up to 3 times a day;
- In chronic amoebiasis, the daily dose of Metronidazole is 1.5 g, which can be divided into three doses. Take within 5-10 days;
- In acute amoebic dysentery - until symptoms stop, take 2.25 g, divided into 3 doses;
- In case of liver abscess in combination with antibiotics of the tetracycline group and other methods of therapy - within 3-5 days a maximum of 2.5 g of Metronidazole;
- With balantidiasis - 750 mg 3 times a day for 5-6 days;
- For ulcerative stomatitis - 2 tablets of Metronidazole twice a day, up to 5 days;
- For the treatment of chronic alcoholism, take 2 tablets of Metronidazole per day for up to six months.
The daily dose for severe renal impairment must be halved.
If it is impossible to use Metronidazole orally, as well as in severe infection, the drug is used intravenously.
The usual dose is 500 mg, but not more than 4 g per day. With the onset of improvement, the transition to oral administration of the drug is carried out.
Side effects of Metronidazole
According to reviews, Metronidazole can cause the following side effects:
- Diarrhea, anorexia, constipation, nausea, glossitis, dry mouth, vomiting, metallic taste in the mouth, pancreatitis;
- Cystitis, dysuria, urinary incontinence, polyuria, candidiasis, red-brown urine staining;
- Dizziness and impaired coordination of movements, confusion, irritability, depression, hallucinations, increased excitability;
- Hives, fever, skin rash, flushing of the skin, nasal congestion, arthralgia;
- Neutropenia and leukopenia.
Metronidazole is described as the most common cause of insomnia, headache and weakness.
Colic, stomatitis, convulsions, ataxia and fever Metronidazole, according to reviews, causes much less often.
Care must be taken with the simultaneous use of Metronidazole with other drugs due to the possibility of undesirable side effects. During therapy with Metronidazole, according to reviews, it is not recommended to use alcohol because of the possibility of developing neurological symptoms and the appearance of abdominal pain of a spastic nature, vomiting and nausea.
Storage conditions
The drug is dispensed only with a doctor's prescription. The shelf life of Metronidazole tablets and suppositories is 2 years.
Metronidazole: prices in online pharmacies
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Drug name Price Pharmacy |
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Metronidazole 250 mg tablets 20 pcs. RUB 14 Buy |
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Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes only and does not replace the official instructions. Self-medication is hazardous to health!
