Diseases 2024, November

Alopecia is a disease that leads to complete baldness of a person. It appears due to an abnormally high content of the hormone testorone

Allergic cough in an adult is a common pathology that requires increased attention, as it can turn into a number of diseases of allergic etiology

Allergic dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin caused by its contact with an allergen. Symptoms of the disease are skin redness, itching, the appearance of small bubbles on it

Albinism is a disease that occurs due to a lack of the enzyme tyrosinase and is characterized by a lack of melanin pigment

Cold allergy manifests itself clinically in different ways. Symptoms can include urticaria, conjunctivitis, rhinitis, and even bronchial asthma

Amblyopia or "lazy eye" is a fairly common ophthalmic disease. The traditional treatment for amblyopia is occlusion. It is also possible to correct vision using video-computer auto-training

Alveococcosis (multi-chamber or alveolar echinococcosis) is a parasitic disease that is caused by the larvae of the helminth Alveococcus multilocularis. Once in the liver, it forms a tumor-like formation with infiltrative growth, as well as the ability to metastasize to the brain, lungs and some other organs

Leber's amaurosis is a genetic ophthalmic disease that leads to a significant deterioration in visual function (up to its complete loss). It is based on irreversible damage to light-sensitive cells of the retina of the eyeball (cones and rods)

Ameloblastoma is a benign tumor of the maxillofacial region, accompanied by the destruction of bone tissue. This is one of the most common tumors in dental surgery. In more than 80% of cases, ameloblastoma is localized in the lower jaw

Amenorrhea, translated from Latin, means the absence of monthly bleeding, that is, menstruation. Treatment of amenorrhea consists in eliminating the cause that caused its appearance

Ametropia is a violation of the refraction of the eyeball, in which the refracted light rays are focused not on the retina (as it should be normal), but behind or in front of it. As a result, a person sees the world around him fuzzy and blurry. This is a common ophthalmic pathology

Amnesia is a disease characterized by partial or complete memory loss for a short or long period

Amok is a state of acute mental insanity, in which a patient, armed with a cold weapon or firearms, kills the first people he comes across without realizing it. This episode of violent insanity often ends in suicide

An anal fissure is a violation of the integrity of the anal mucosa. Anal fissures are usually divided into acute and chronic

Amyloidosis is a systemic disease in which amyloid (protein-polysaccharide substance (glycoprotein)) is deposited in organs and tissues, which leads to disruption of their functions

Anaphylaxis - the body's reaction to a specific allergen, accompanied by muscle spasms, edema, severe pain and suffocation

Alveolitis is a lung disease in which the inflammatory process is localized in the terminal airways (bronchioles, alveoli)

Amoebiasis is a disease caused by a histolytic amoeba that occurs with extraintestinal and intestinal symptoms

Anankastic personality disorder is a mental disorder characterized by hypertrophied insecurity in one's actions and their consequences, pathological scrupulousness, excessive concentration on details, intransigence, pathological perfectionism, recurrent obsessive thoughts, ideas, actions, or a combination of these

Anaplasmosis is an acute transmissible infectious disease with a polymorphic clinic, the causative agent of which, anaplasma (Anaplasma phagocytophillum), is transmitted by ixodid ticks

Anaphylactic shock is an acute allergic process that develops in a sensitized body in response to repeated contact with an allergen and is accompanied by hemodynamic disturbances, leading to circulatory failure and, as a result, acute oxygen starvation of vital organs

Angina Simanovsky-Plaut-Vincent - an infectious disease that affects the adenoid and lymphatic apparatus of the pharyngeal tonsils

Angiodystonia affects arterial and venous vessels. It is not an independent disease, but is included in the complex of symptoms of the underlying disease. Angiodystonia is a violation of vascular tone caused by a violation of the structure of the walls of blood vessels, as well as the development of the muscle layer, which is excessively or insufficiently functioning and manifests itself as a local or general disturbance of blood flow

Anhidrosis is a pathological condition caused by a dysfunction of the sweat glands and manifested by a sharp decrease in sweating until it stops completely

Angioma is a benign mass of lymphatic and blood vessels

Angiomyolipoma - a benign tumor that forms in the kidney and pancreas

Anhydrotic ectodermal dysplasia is a hereditary disease caused by a genetic defect and characterized by congenital anomalies in the development of teeth, sweat and sebaceous glands, hair follicles and glands of the mucous membranes

Angiokeratoma - dermatosis, represented by single or multiple benign vascular neoplasms such as angiomas, combined with pathological thickening of the stratum corneum

Angioedema (Quincke's edema) is an acute condition characterized by the rapid development of local edema of the mucous membrane, subcutaneous tissue and the skin itself. More often occurs on the face (tongue, cheeks, eyelids, lips) and much less often affects the mucous membranes of the genitourinary organs, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract

Angiopathy is damage to blood vessels caused by a disorder of nervous regulation. In the treatment of angiopathy, drugs are used as prescribed by a doctor

Aneurysm is a bulging of the wall of an artery due to its thinning or stretching. In modern medicine, there is only one way to treat aneurysm - this is surgery (operation)

Angiosarcoma (hemangioendothelioma) is a rare malignant tumor originating from the endothelium (cells of the inner surface) of blood or lymph vessels. Differs in resistance to therapy and rapid metastasis

Angina is a common infectious disease in which the lymphoid tissue of the pharynx, mainly the palatine tonsils, is exposed to acute inflammation

Anemia is a low concentration of hemoglobin in human blood associated with a deficiency of iron in the body. Specialists identify three main degrees of anemia, which are divided into mild, moderate and severe

Angiopathy is a pathological process in which there is damage to the blood vessels. There can be many reasons for angiopathy, the most common being diabetes

Aortic aneurysm - an expansion of a limited area of the aortic wall, resembling a spindle or a sac-shaped formation, or a diffuse increase in its lumen by more than 2 times compared with an unchanged area (or a normal diameter of the aorta for a given sex and age)

Fanconi's anemia is a rare disease, the development of which is caused by a genetic defect in a group of proteins responsible for the repair (correction of breaks and errors) of DNA molecules. This leads to increased fragility of chromosomes, as a result of which aplastic anemia develops in patients with age and neoplastic processes are triggered

Aneurysm of cerebral vessels (intracranial aneurysm, cerebral aneurysm) is a protrusion of the arterial wall due to a violation of its normal three-layer structure. Aneurysm of cerebral vessels is localized mainly in the places of arterial branching

An abdominal aortic aneurysm is an expansion or bulging of the wall of the abdominal aorta. The disease is often asymptomatic

Anisometropia is a violation of visual function, in which the refractive error index (a defect in the refraction of light rays) is different for each eyeball. For a full-fledged vision correction in this case, it is necessary to use lenses not of the same, but of different optical power