Paracetamol - Instructions, Application, Reviews

2024 Author: Rachel Wainwright | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-15 07:39

Paracetamol

Instructions for use:

1. 1. Pharmacological action
2. 2. Forms of release
3. 3. Indications for use
4. 4. Instructions for use
5. 5. Side effects
6. 6. During pregnancy
7. 7. Contraindications to use
8. 8. Storage conditions

Prices in online pharmacies:

from 4 rubles.

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Paracetamol is an analgesic and antipyretic agent from the group of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), a non-narcotic analgesic. The World Health Organization is included in the list of the most important medicines.

pharmachologic effect

The active ingredient of the drug is paracetamol, a phenacetin derivative. The mechanism of action of Paracetamol is based on the inhibition of the synthesis of prostaglandins - chemical compounds formed during inflammation and responsible for its symptoms in the form of a rise in temperature and the appearance of pain. Paracetamol has an analgesic effect by acting on the neurons of the central nervous system. It has a weak anti-inflammatory effect, does not irritate the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract.

When it enters the body, the drug is absorbed into the bloodstream, from there it is carried to all tissues of the body. Destruction occurs in the liver, with the formation of intermediate metabolic products - metabolites, some of which (paraaminophenol) are toxic. This fact limits the use of Paracetamol for liver and blood diseases. Subsequently, metabolites pass through the renal filters and are excreted in the urine, and therefore, in case of impaired renal function, the use of Paracetamol is also undesirable.

With oral administration, paracetamol reaches its maximum concentration in the blood 20-30 minutes after administration, after an hour and a half, the peak of the drug's action occurs.

Release forms

Paracetamol comes in the following forms:

• Tablets for oral administration, with an active ingredient content of 200 and 500 mg;
• Film-coated tablets for oral administration (capsules), paracetamol 500mg each;
• Effervescent tablets for solution preparation, 500mg of active ingredient in one tablet;
• Solution for infusion, 15 mg in 1 ml of solution, ampoules of 5 ml;
• Syrup for children, 200mg paracetamol in 5ml solution;
• Suspension for children, 120mg in 5ml solution;
• Rectal suppositories with a dosage of active ingredient from 50mg (for children) to 1000mg.

Paracetamol is one of the most famous and widely used drugs in the world, the same active substance is produced by different pharmaceutical companies under different trademarks: Abesanil, AkamolTeva, Actazol, Alvedon, Acetophen, Algotoropil, Aminodol, Aminophen, Amphenol, Apagan, Apamid, Apanol, Acelifen, Acemol, Acetalgin, Acetaminophen, Acetaminophenol, Biocetamol, Bindard, Valadol, Valorin, Valgesic, Vinadol, Volpan, Dapirex, Datril, Dafalgan, Dexamol, Deminophen, Dolramindol, Idimindol, Dolimindol Metamol, Minoset, Myalgin, Napamol, Naprinol, Nazprin, Nizacetol, Nepa, Opradol, Panadol, Panadol Solubl, Panadol junior, Paramol, Pacimol, Piremol, Pyrinazine, Rolocin, Tylenol, Tempramol, Tylenolol, Tylenol, Uhlebin Febrinil, Febrinol, Febricet, Fendon, Hemcetafen, Celifen, Cetadol,Cetanyl, Efferalgan, Efferoglan, Erocetamol.

Indications for the use of Paracetamol

The indication for Paracetamol is body temperature, elevated to subfebrile and febrile values (37 - 39 ° C) for various diseases of infectious and inflammatory origin. In pediatric practice, the indications for Paracetamol are gum pain and fever caused by teething.

According to the instructions, Paracetamol is effective as a remedy for relieving pain syndrome of various origins: headache, myalgia, arthralgia, algomenorrhea, sciatica, sciatica, neuralgia, toothache and wandering pains of unclear etiology.

Attention! When this drug is used to relieve acute pain, it can significantly reduce symptoms, which will change the clinical picture of the disease and can be difficult to diagnose.

Instructions for the use of Paracetamol

A single dosage of Paracetamol according to the instructions is from 500 to 1000 mg for adults and children over 12 years old, the daily dosage for this group should not exceed 4 g (4000 mg) of the drug.

The dose of the drug for children is calculated individually, depending on the weight of the child, based on an average of 125-250 mg of the active substance per dose, regardless of the dosage form. Regardless of the form of the drug, the daily dose must be divided into 3-4 doses, with a time interval between them of at least 4 hours.

In accordance with the instructions, Paracetamol should not be used for more than 3 days without medical supervision. If during this time the symptoms of the disease have not developed back, it is necessary to consult a doctor about the possibility of further use of the drug and its dosage.

Side effects

If the instructions are followed, Paracetamol is one of the safest drugs, side effects of which are extremely rare. However, they are described in the medical literature, and are usually associated with increased individual sensitivity or with the presence of latent comorbidities.

Side effects associated with taking Paracetamol include:

• On the part of the digestive system - the development of liver dysfunctions, the appearance of signs of dyspepsia;
• From the side of the blood - anemia, methemoglobinemia, deterioration of the blood picture (thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, etc.);
• On the part of the cardiovascular system - changes in cardiac conduction (intracardiac blockade);
• On the part of the immune system - allergic reactions of varying intensity, often of a delayed type, less often of an immediate type (anaphylactic shock);
• On the part of the urinary organs - the development of interstitial nephritis, polyuria and other disorders of renal function.

A number of experts claim that there is evidence of the development of bronchial asthma in a significant number of children taking Paracetamol (41%). Despite the fact that this point of view causes controversy in scientific circles, Paracetamol should not be used in pediatric practice without serious evidence, and it should not be abused.

This remedy is prescribed with caution in combination with other drugs, and only under the supervision of a physician, since there may be a toxic effect from their interaction. The combined use of Paracetamol and alcohol is prohibited.

During pregnancy

It is believed that Paracetamol during pregnancy can be prescribed when the risk associated with its use is justified by its high effectiveness and extreme necessity. It should be borne in mind that a number of studies confirm the toxic effect on the fetus when using Paracetamol during pregnancy. So, this drug is associated with the development of cryptorchidism in boys, whose mothers used it while pregnant.

Thus, the appointment of Paracetamol during pregnancy should take place exclusively with the participation of a doctor.

Contraindications for use

Paracetamol is contraindicated in the following situations:

• A history of individual sensitivity to it or other NSAIDs;
• Liver dysfunction;
• Kidney pathology;
• Diseases associated with a deterioration in the blood picture;
• Pregnancy;
• Breast-feeding.

Storage conditions

Store in a dark, dry place at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C for 2 years. Keep out of the reach of children!

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Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes only and does not replace the official instructions. Self-medication is hazardous to health!