REFNOT
REFNOT: instructions for use and reviews
- 1. Release form and composition
- 2. Pharmacological properties
- 3. Indications for use
- 4. Contraindications
- 5. Method of application and dosage
- 6. Side effects
- 7. Overdose
- 8. Special instructions
- 9. Application during pregnancy and lactation
- 10. Drug interactions
- 11. Analogs
- 12. Terms and conditions of storage
- 13. Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
- 14. Reviews
- 15. Price in pharmacies
Latin name: Refnot
ATX code: LO1XX, LO3AX
Active ingredient: tumor necrosis factor-thymosin alpha-1 recombinant (factor tumor necrosis-thymosine alpha-1 recombinant)
Manufacturer: LLC "Refnot-Pharm" (Russia)
Description and photo updated: 2019-11-12
Prices in pharmacies: from 9300 rubles.
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REFNOT is an antineoplastic and immunomodulatory agent.
Release form and composition
The dosage form of the drug is a lyophilisate for the preparation of a solution for subcutaneous administration: a hygroscopic loose or porous mass of white color (100,000 IU in vials, in a cardboard box, instructions for the use of REFNOT and 1, 5, 10 or 20 vials or 1 blister / cassette contour packaging containing 1, 5, 10 or 20 bottles).
The composition of the drug for 1 bottle:
- active substance: tumor necrosis factor-thymosin alpha 1 (TNF-T) recombinant - 100,000 units (units of action);
- additional components: sodium chloride, sodium phosphate dodecahydrate (sodium phosphate disubstituted 12-water), sodium phosphate dihydrate (sodium phosphate monosubstituted 2-water), mannitol (mannitol).
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics
REFNOT is a drug with a direct antitumor effect, which manifests itself on various lines of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo.
The spectrum of the cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of the drug on antitumor cells is comparable to that of human tumor necrosis factor (TNF), but REFNOT is significantly less toxic (more than 100 times).
In vivo, the antitumor activity of the drug develops in several ways, in which the tumor is destroyed or its growth is inhibited. The mechanism of action includes:
- direct effect of the TNF-T protein on the target tumor cell through receptors located on its surface, as a result of which a cytotoxic effect (cell death) or cytostatic effect (arrest of the cell cycle) develops. In the latter case, the cell differentiates and expresses a number of antigens;
- development of some chemical reactions, including activation of the blood coagulation system and local inflammatory reactions, provoked by lymphocytes and endothelial cells under the influence of REFNOT. This causes hemorrhagic tumor necrosis;
- blocking angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels), which helps to reduce the proliferation of a rapidly growing tumor by new vessels, as a result of which the blood supply to the tumor decreases, up to its necrosis;
- the effect of immune cells in which the activation / maturation process is associated with a response to TNF-T or cytotoxicity is closely related to the presence of TNF-T molecules on the surface.
When REFNOT is combined with interferon alpha2 or gamma, a synergistic cytotoxic effect is noted. The antiviral effect of the latter against the vesicular stomatitis virus is increased 100-1000 times when combined with TNF-T.
REFNOT increases the activity of chemotherapy drugs, such as cytosar, doxorubicin, and actinomycin D, against tumor cells that are weakly sensitive to them, i.e. TNF-T eliminates cell resistance to these drugs. Due to this, REFNOT is considered a modifier of the antitumor effect of chemical cytostatics in the case of multiple drug resistance of tumor cells.
The drug has no cytotoxic effect on normal cells. High concentrations of TNF-T in vitro caused an increase in the proliferation of cells of the lymph nodes and spleen.
REFNOT increases the production of antibodies and their effect on T-dependent antigens. Strengthens the cytotoxic effect of natural killer cells on tumor cells. Stimulates phagocytosis. It is a factor of differentiation of T-helpers and T-killers, therefore it enhances the expression of antigens of the main class I histocompatibility complex - CD-4, CD-8, H-2K.
Pharmacokinetics
Information not provided by the manufacturer.
Indications for use
REFNOT is used in combination with chemotherapy drugs to treat breast cancer.
As an immunomodulator, the agent is used for melanoma in the disseminated stage.
Contraindications
- pregnancy;
- lactation period;
- hypersensitivity to the active or any auxiliary component of the REFNOT drug.
REFNOT, instructions for use: method and dosage
The solution prepared from the REFNOT lyophilisate is intended for subcutaneous administration.
Solution preparation: immediately before administration, the contents of the vial are dissolved in 1 ml of sterile injection water.
For breast cancer, the drug is usually prescribed in an average daily dose of 200,000 IU. It is administered once a day: 30 minutes before the upcoming chemotherapy and within 4 days after the session.
As an immunomodulator, in case of melanoma in the disseminated stage, the drug is administered according to one of the following schemes: 1 time per day, 100,000 IU for 5 consecutive days, after which they take a 2-day break, or once a day, 400,000 IU every other day 3 once a week. Melanoma is treated for 2-4 weeks prior to chemotherapy. A dose of 400,000 U can be administered in one or more places. When REFNOT is prescribed without subsequent chemotherapy, the drug is administered once a day for 5 consecutive days with a further 2-day break, the general course of therapy is 4 weeks. If the disease does not progress, treatment can be continued.
Side effects
In the case of individual hypersensitivity to REFNOT, hypersensitivity reactions may develop.
Some patients have chills and a short-term insignificant (1-2 ° C) increase in body temperature. You can eliminate these side effects by taking ibuprofen or indomethacin.
Overdose
No information available.
special instructions
The lyophilisate diluted with sterile water cannot be stored.
Application during pregnancy and lactation
REFNOT is contraindicated for pregnant and lactating women.
Drug interactions
No information available.
Analogs
REFNOT analogs are Aranose, Glycifon, Oncophagus, Cervikon-DIM, etc.
Terms and conditions of storage
Store in a dry place, out of the reach of children, protected from light, at a temperature of 2-10 ° C. Do not freeze.
Shelf life is 2 years.
Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
Dispensed by prescription.
Reviews about REFNOT
The opinion of the majority of specialists about REFNOT is positive. Doctors say that this drug helps to significantly prolong and even save the lives of many cancer patients, as well as prevent relapses. It stimulates the immune system without affecting healthy cells.
In almost all reviews of REFNOT, patients write that this is an innovative and very effective drug that shows good results in the treatment of breast cancer, and significantly improves the tolerance of chemotherapy.
At the same time, there are rare reports of a negative nature, which describe the complete ineffectiveness or intolerance of the drug.
The price of REFNOT in pharmacies
The price of REFNOT in the form of a lyophilisate for the preparation of a solution for subcutaneous administration of 100,000 U (5 bottles per pack) averages 11,160 rubles.
REFNOT: prices in online pharmacies
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Drug name Price Pharmacy |
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Refnot 100000 IU lyophilisate for preparation of solution for subcutaneous administration 5 pcs. RUB 9300 Buy |
Maria Kulkes Medical journalist About the author
Education: First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov, specialty "General Medicine".
Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes only and does not replace the official instructions. Self-medication is hazardous to health!
