Dexamethasone
Instructions for use:
- 1. Pharmacological action
- 2. Indications for use
- 3. Instructions for use
- 4. Side effects
- 5. Contraindications to use
Prices in online pharmacies:
from 22 rubles.
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Dexamethasone is a powerful synthetic glucocorticoid (containing adrenal cortex hormones and their synthetic analogs) drug, designed to regulate protein, carbohydrate and mineral metabolism.
pharmachologic effect
Dexamethasone has anti-inflammatory, desensitizing (reduces sensitivity to allergens), anti-allergic, anti-shock, immunosuppressive (suppresses or reduces immunity) and antitoxic properties.
The use of Dexamethasone makes it possible to increase the sensitivity of proteins of the outer cell membrane (beta-adrenergic receptors) to endogenous catecholamines (mediators of intercellular interaction).
Dexamethasone regulates protein metabolism, reducing the synthesis and enhancing protein catabolism in muscle tissue, reducing the amount of globulins in the plasma, increasing the synthesis of albumin in the liver and kidneys.
Influencing carbohydrate metabolism, Dexamethasone promotes the absorption of carbohydrates from the digestive tract, increases the flow of glucose from the liver into the blood, the development of hyperglycemia, which in turn activates the production of insulin.
The participation of Dexamethasone in water-electrolyte metabolism is manifested in a decrease in bone mineralization, sodium and water retention in the body, and a decrease in calcium absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.
The anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties of Dexamethasone are 35 times more active than those of cortisone.
Indications for the use of Dexamethasone
The instruction recommends using Dexamethasone tablets for:
- acute and subacute thyroiditis (inflammation of the thyroid gland);
- hypothyroidism (a condition with a persistent lack of thyroid hormones);
- progressive ophthalmopathy (an increase in the volume of eye tissue) associated with thyrotoxicosis (intoxication with thyroid hormones);
- Addison-Birmer disease (loss of the adrenal glands' ability to produce hormones in sufficient quantities);
- bronchial asthma;
- connective tissue diseases;
- rheumatoid arthritis in the acute phase;
- autoimmune hemolytic anemias;
- serum sickness (immune response to foreign serum proteins);
- agranulocytosis (decrease in the level of neutrophils in the blood);
- acute erythroderma (skin redness);
- pemphigus (a skin disease that appears as blisters on the hands, genitals, mouth, etc.);;
- acute eczema;
- malignant tumors (symptomatic therapy);
- swelling of the brain;
- congenital adrenogenital syndrome (hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex and an increased content of androgens in the body).
Dexamethasone in ampoules is used for:
- shock of various origins;
- status asthmaticus;
- swelling of the brain;
- severe allergic reactions;
- acute hemolytic anemias;
- thrombocytopenia;
- agranulicytosis;
- acute lymphoblastic leukemia (a malignant disease that affects the bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes, thymus gland and other organs);
- severe infectious diseases;
- acute croup (inflammation of the larynx and upper respiratory tract);
- acute insufficiency of the adrenal cortex;
- diseases of the joints.
Dexamethasone drops are used in ophthalmic practice for:
- non-purulent and allergic conjunctivitis (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eye);
- keratitis (inflammation of the cornea of the eye);
- keratoconjunctivitis (simultaneous inflammation of the conjunctiva and cornea of the eye) without damage to the epithelium;
- iritis (inflammation of the iris of the eye);
- iridocyclitis (inflammation of the iris and ciliary body);
- blepharitis (inflammation of the edges of the eyelids);
- scleritis (inflammation of the deep layers of the sclera of the eye);
- episcleritis (inflammation of the connective tissue between the conjunctiva and the sclera);
- inflammatory processes after eye injuries or operations;
- sympathetic ophthalmia (inflammatory lesions of the eye).
Instructions for the use of Dexamethasone
Oral administration of Dexamethasone in the form of tablets involves the appointment of 1-9 mg of the drug per day at the initial stage of treatment, followed by a decrease in the daily dose to 0.5-3 mg with maintenance therapy.
The instruction recommends dividing the daily dose of the drug Dexamethasone into 2-3 doses (after or during meals). Maintenance small doses should be taken once a day, preferably in the morning.
Dexamethasone in ampoules is intended for intravenous (drip or jet), intramuscular, peri-articular and intra-articular administration. The recommended daily dose of Dexamethasone for these modes of administration is 4-20 mg. Dexamethasone in ampoules is usually used 3-4 times a day for 3-4 days, followed by a switch to tablets.
Dexamethasone drops are used in ophthalmology: in acute conditions, 1-2 drops of the drug are instilled into the conjunctival sac every 1-2 hours, if the condition improves, every 4-6 hours.
Chronic processes involve the use of Dexamethasone drops 2 times a day. The duration of treatment depends on the clinical course of the disease, therefore, Dexamethasone drops can be used from several days to four weeks.
Side effects
According to the instructions, Dexamethasone can be the cause of such undesirable reactions as:
- decreased glucose tolerance, inhibition of adrenal function, steroid diabetes mellitus, Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome (hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex);
- hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, increased calcium excretion, increased body weight, increased sweating;
- increased intracranial pressure, anxiety, depression, paranoia, dizziness, headache, convulsions;
- vomiting, nausea. steroid ulcer, pancreatitis, erosive esophagitis (superficial inflammation of the esophagus), hiccups, flatulence;
- bradycardia, arrhythmias, increased blood pressure;
- exophthalmos (displacement of the eyeball forward or to the side), trophic changes in the cornea, a tendency to develop eye infections, increased intraocular pressure, posterior subcapsular cataract (clouding of the lens);
- slowing down ossification in children, rupture of muscle tendons, osteoporosis, decreased muscle mass, steroid myopathy;
- dermatological and allergic reactions.
Contraindications to the use of Dexamethasone
The use of Dexamethasone is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.
Dexamethasone is prescribed with caution when:
- peptic ulcer, gastritis, esophagitis, newly created intestinal anastomosis, diverticulitis;
- parasitic and infectious diseases of various nature;
- immunodeficiency states;
- diseases of the cardiovascular system;
- endocrine diseases;
- severe hepatic or renal failure, nephrourolithiasis, hypoalbuminemia;
- glaucoma, poliomyelitis, acute psychosis, systemic osteoporosis.
The use of Dexamethasone by pregnant and lactating women, as well as children, should only take place as directed by a doctor, after taking into account all possible risks.
Dexamethasone: prices in online pharmacies
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Drug name Price Pharmacy |
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Dexamethasone 0.5 mg tablets 10 pcs. 22 RUB Buy |
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Dexamethasone tablets 0.5 mg 10 pcs. 28 RUB Buy |
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Dexamethasone (eye drops) 0.1% eye drops 5 ml 1 pc. RUB 55 Buy |
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Dexamethasone (for injection) 4 mg / ml solution for injection 1 ml 10 pcs. RUB 63 Buy |
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Reviews Dexamethasone (for injection) RUB 63 Buy |
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Dexamethasone (eye drops) 0.1% eye drops 10 ml 1 pc. RUB 90 Buy |
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Dexamethasone (eye drops) 0.1% eye drops 10 ml 1 pc. 107 RUB Buy |
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Dexamethasone 4 mg / ml solution for injection 2 ml 10 pcs. 121 RUB Buy |
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Dexamethasone (for injection) 4 mg / ml solution for injection 1 ml 25 pcs. 245 RUB Buy |
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Dexamethasone solution for injection 4mg / ml ampoules 1ml 25pcs 251 RUB Buy |
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Dexamethasone (for injection) 4 mg / ml solution for injection 1 ml 25 pcs. 259 r Buy |
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Dexamethasone (for injection) 4 mg / ml solution for injection 2 ml 25 pcs. 276 r Buy |
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Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes only and does not replace the official instructions. Self-medication is hazardous to health!
