Pyrazinamide
Instructions for use:
- 1. Release form and composition
- 2. Indications for use
- 3. Contraindications
- 4. Method of application and dosage
- 5. Side effects
- 6. Special instructions
- 7. Drug interactions
- 8. Analogs
- 9. Terms and conditions of storage
- 10. Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
Pyrazinamide is a synthetic anti-tuberculosis drug that, depending on the sensitivity of the microorganism and concentration, has a bactericidal or bacteriostatic effect.
Release form and composition
Dosage form - tablets (100 or 1000 pcs per package).
Active ingredient: pyrazinamide, its content in 1 tablet is 500 or 750 mg.
Additional components: colloidal silicon dioxide, gelatin, sodium starch glycolate, magnesium stearate, starch, talc.
Indications for use
Pyrazinamide is the drug of choice for the treatment of tuberculosis, especially for newly diagnosed destructive pulmonary tuberculosis, which occurs with a violation of the structure of the lung tissue.
In addition, Pyrazinamide can be used to treat the following diseases (in combination with other anti-tuberculosis drugs):
- Bone tuberculosis;
- Tuberculous meningitis;
- Genitourinary tuberculosis;
- Pulmonary tuberculosis.
Contraindications
Absolute:
- Liver disease;
- Hyperuricemia;
- Gout;
- Pregnancy and lactation period;
- Hypersensitivity to drug components.
Method of administration and dosage
Pyrazinamide should be taken orally with meals or after meals once a day, preferably with breakfast. The tablets should be swallowed whole and washed down with plenty of water.
Adults are prescribed 25-30 mg / kg / day: patients weighing more than 50 kg - 2000 mg, with a body weight less than 50 mg - 1500 mg.
The highest permissible dose is 2500 mg / day, for the elderly - 15 mg / kg (in old and senile age, it is advisable to prescribe the drug every other day).
In case of unsatisfactory tolerance of the drug, the daily dose is divided into 2-3 doses.
Children are prescribed 15-30 mg / kg / day, but not more than 1500 mg.
Pyrazinamide is used in combination with aminoglycosides (streptomycin or kanamycin at a dose of 15 mg / kg), rifampicin (10 mg / kg), isoniazid (10 mg / kg).
The duration of the course of therapy is 3 months.
Side effects
- From the gastrointestinal tract: metallic taste in the mouth, lack of appetite, diarrhea, epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, liver dysfunction; with prolonged use - toxic effect on the liver;
- From the side of the central nervous system: with prolonged use - increased excitability, sleep disturbance, headache, weakness, depression, dizziness; in some cases - hallucinations, confusion, convulsions;
- Allergic reactions: dermatitis, eosinophilia, fever, etc.;
- Others: arthralgia, photosensitivity, hyperuricemia, exacerbation of gout, retention of uric acid in the body, articular pains of a gouty nature.
special instructions
Pyrazinamide can contribute to the retention of uric acid in the body and the appearance of articular pain of a gouty nature, therefore, at least 1 time per month, the uric acid content in the blood and the activity of hepatic transaminases should be monitored.
Periodically during treatment, to monitor liver function, it is necessary to carry out biochemical tests (study of glutamic acid aminoferase in blood serum, determination of bilirubin level, thymol test, etc.). If changes in the functional state of the liver are detected, the drug must be canceled.
To reduce the toxic effect of pyrazinamide, the use of vitamin B 4, glucose, methionine is recommended.
Drug interactions
Pyrazinamide is used in combination with other anti-tuberculosis drugs, in particular in chronic destructive forms of the disease, it is recommended to use ethambutol (improved tolerance) or rifampicin (more pronounced effect).
With the combined use of rifampicin, the risk of developing hepatotoxic effects increases.
With the simultaneous appointment of probenecid, a decrease in excretion from the body and, as a result, an increase in toxic reactions is possible.
Analogs
Pyrazinamide analogs are: Linamide, Macroside, Paizin, Pira, Pyrazinamide-Nikka, Pyrazinamide-Acri, PZA-Siba.
Terms and conditions of storage
Store out of reach of children, protected from light and moisture at temperatures up to 25 ºС.
The shelf life is 3 years.
Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
Dispensed by prescription.
Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes only and does not replace the official instructions. Self-medication is hazardous to health!
