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Video: Alleles - Glossary Of Medical Terms
2024 Author: Rachel Wainwright | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-15 07:39
Alleles
Alleles (Greek allelon - mutually, each other; synonyms: allelic genes, allelomorphs) are forms of the state of the same gene, which occupy identical loci of homologous chromosomes and cause phenotypic differences in individuals.
Allocate:
- Alleles are dominant - they are equally manifested in the hetero- and homozygous state and prevent the manifestation of other alleles of the given gene in heterozygotes;
- Lethal alleles (synonym: flew) - cause the death of the host organism;
- Multiple alleles - alleles of one gene that arise due to mutations and differ in their manifestation;
- Alleles are unstable - characterized by high mutability, i.e. mutating much more often than the average level of spontaneous mutations;
- Normal alleles (synonyms: plus-alleles, wild-type alleles) are usually dominant, which determine the development of a trait characteristic of most individuals that make up natural populations of a particular biological species;
- Alleles are recessive - they appear only in a hemizygous or homozygous state;
- Sub-lethal alleles - significantly reduce the viability of host organisms.
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