Why bruises appear on the body for no reason
The content of the article:
- External and internal causes of bruising on the body
-
Blood clotting disorder
- Hemophilia
- Use of anticoagulants
- Vascular wall permeability
- Subcutaneous fat thickness and age
- Lack of vitamins
- Hormonal disorders
- Video
Bruises on the body for no reason may indicate health problems. By themselves, they are not dangerous for the patient's life, but they are a sign of certain pathologies that need timely and adequate treatment.
If bruises appear on the body for no reason, this may indicate the development of serious diseases.
A bruise is a type of hematoma when blood accumulates in the subcutaneous tissue, and the skin remains intact. The most common cause of such hemorrhages is injury.
External and internal causes of bruising on the body
All reasons for the appearance of bruises on the body are divided into internal and external:
| The reasons | Description |
| Outdoor | The occurrence of hematomas occurs in the following cases: compression of tissues, contusion, craniocerebral trauma, frostbite, injections, blows, bruises |
| Internal | If a hematoma appears in the absence of mechanical damage, this may be due to the presence of internal problems - pathologies that lead to fragility of blood vessels and frequent hemorrhages |
The occurrence of hematomas can be triggered by trauma
The less melanin in the body, the better the vessels and subcutaneous blood accumulations are visible. In albinos and people with red hair, even minor injuries that they simply do not pay attention to can cause hemorrhage. Therefore, often a person cannot establish where the hematomas came from.
Blood clotting disorder
In people with poor blood clotting, bruises and hematomas form very easily and often. The rupture of the capillaries leads to the fact that the blood is released into the subcutaneous fat.
Platelets are responsible for blood clotting
In a healthy person, platelets very quickly clog the vessel, so hematomas are rarely formed, and this requires serious tissue damage. In people with impaired blood clotting, bleeding lasts much longer, so even a minor injury can cause subcutaneous hemorrhage.
Hemophilia
This disease is the most severe type of bleeding disorder. In patients with hemophilia, bruises on the skin form with the slightest squeezing. Their bleeding continues for several hours, and they can be left only with the help of special drugs that improve blood clotting.
Hemophilia is an inherited disorder
Hemophilia is genetically transmitted. Usually men suffer from the disease, women are only carriers of the gene and can pass it on to their offspring. The disease is incurable, it is controlled by injections of the missing clotting factor.
Use of anticoagulants
A blood clotting disorder can occur as a result of an overdose of drugs such as:
- Acetylsalicylic acid;
- Clopidogrel;
- Heparin.
These medications thin the blood and, when taken in large doses, can cause bleeding or bruising. In order to get rid of the problem, it is necessary to stop drug therapy or reduce the dosage.
Vascular wall permeability
Hematomas can appear due to the fact that the walls of the capillaries are too weak, which is often noted against the background of vasculitis. This name unites a group of diseases, the basis of which is an immunopathological change in blood vessels (veins, capillaries, arteries, arterioles).
The frequent appearance of hematomas may be associated with a violation of the permeability of the vascular walls.
It has not yet been possible to find out why the disease develops. It is assumed that in the process of its occurrence, a genetic predisposition plays a role in combination with infection with viruses or bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus.
The group of diseases that can provoke the appearance of bruises on the body include:
- thrombocytopenic purpura;
- Takayasu's arteritis;
- Wegener's disease;
- Churg-Strauss syndrome;
- Behcet's disease;
- Kogan's syndrome;
- lupus vasculitis;
- rheumatoid vasculitis.
It is almost impossible to get rid of such diseases; the goal of treatment is to suppress the immunopathological reaction. Therapy is carried out with corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cytostatics. It is aimed at maintaining long-term remission and treating relapses.
Subcutaneous fat thickness and age
In the presence of bruises for no apparent reason, anatomical features of the structure of the skin can play a role. Thick adipose tissue is well supplied with blood and, if a vessel is damaged, a hematoma is easily formed in it. In people who are overweight and have a lot of subcutaneous fat, bruising is easy.
Lack of vitamins
Improper nutrition can lead to the fact that the human body receives an insufficient amount of vitamins, which are responsible for the elasticity and strength of the walls of blood vessels. An important role in this is played by:
- vitamin C;
- folic acid;
- vitamin K.
Hematomas often appear with a lack of vitamin K
In order to replenish the deficiency of these vitamins in the body, it is necessary to normalize nutrition. People who often and / or follow mono-diets for a long time need to use vitamin complexes that allow them to fight the problem.
Hormonal disorders
Ovarian neoplasms or menopause can provoke changes in hormonal levels. In order to cope with the problem, hormone replacement therapy drugs are prescribed.
In rare cases, the cause of hemorrhages and hematomas on the body is an imbalance in thyroid hormones that occurs as a result of endocrine diseases. The situation can be corrected with the help of hormonal drugs.
If bruises appear on the arms and legs for no reason, this question should be consulted with a hematologist. The specialist will help to find out the nature of this pathology and explain what to do in order to be cured.
Video
We offer for viewing a video on the topic of the article.
Anna Kozlova Medical journalist About the author
Education: Rostov State Medical University, specialty "General Medicine".
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