Ethambutol

2024 Author: Rachel Wainwright | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-15 07:39

Instructions for use:

1. Composition and form of release
2. Pharmacological properties
3. Indications for use
4. Instructions for use
5. Contraindications
6. Side effects

Ethambutol is an anti-tuberculosis drug that is effective in treating tuberculosis at various stages of its course. The drug has a bacteriostatic, antimicrobial, healing and anti-inflammatory effect.

Ethambutol is prescribed both in monotherapy and in the complex treatment of diseases of the respiratory system.

Composition and form of release

The main active ingredient is Ethambutol 0.4 g.

Auxiliary components: ethylene, talc, propylene glycol, food coloring.

Ethambutol is available in 0.4 g tablets, placed in cartons of 50-100 pcs.

Pharmacological properties of Ethambutol

Ethambutol actively enters the cells of mycobacteria, prevents their reproduction and development, and also disrupts cellular metabolism and destroys infections in the respiratory tract. The drug is effective for eliminating streptococcus, staphylococcus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Ethambutol even kills bacteria that are resistant to other anti-TB drugs.

After taking the drug, the therapeutic effect is achieved within a day. Ethambutol is absorbed by 80% and reaches its maximum plasma concentration within 24 hours. The concentration in the lungs is 6-8 times higher than the concentration in the blood. The drug creates several metabolites of inactive action, which are excreted by the kidneys in urine and feces.

Indications for use

Ethambutol is prescribed for the treatment of tuberculosis at various stages of the course and severe diseases of the respiratory system.

Instructions for the use of Ethambutol

In accordance with the instructions, Ethambutol is prescribed to take 15 mg after meals 1 time per day. The dosage of the drug can be increased to 25-50 mg 2 times a day (depending on the stage of tuberculosis). The course of treatment lasts 2-3 months.

After the main course of treatment, a maintenance dose of the drug is prescribed for 2-3 weeks - 10 mg 1 time per day.

The maximum daily dose of Ethambutol for adults should not be more than 2 g. The drug should not be administered to children under 13 years old, and from 13 years old, the dosage is 15 mg 1-2 times a day. The daily dose for children should not exceed 1 g.

The general course of treatment for severe tuberculosis lasts from 9 months to 2 years.

According to the instructions, Ethambutol should not be prescribed to patients with impaired liver and kidney function, and in severe diseases of the heart and gastrointestinal tract, the minimum dosage of the drug is prescribed.

During the course of treatment, you should regularly conduct an ophthalmological examination, monitor the functioning of the cardiovascular and nervous systems.

Contraindications

Contraindications to the appointment of Ethambutol are hypersensitivity and intolerance to the components of the drug, visual impairment and cataracts, inflammatory eye diseases, diabetes mellitus, renal and hepatic failure, pregnancy and breastfeeding, children under 13 years of age.

The drug should be taken with caution by patients who drive vehicles and work at hazardous facilities. Ethambutol can impair concentration and cause lethargy.

Side effects of Ethambutol

Local side effects of Ethambutol: skin rash, itching, burning, skin flushing, urticaria, dermatitis.

Systemic side effects: depression, anorexia, headache and dizziness, disorientation, hallucinations, optic nerve atrophy, decreased visual acuity, dyspeptic disorders, liver and kidney dysfunction, leukopenia, arthralgia.

Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes only and does not replace the official instructions. Self-medication is hazardous to health!