Photolon
Photolon: instructions for use and reviews
- 1. Release form and composition
- 2. Pharmacological properties
- 3. Indications for use
- 4. Contraindications
- 5. Method of application and dosage
- 6. Side effects
- 7. Overdose
- 8. Special instructions
- 9. Application during pregnancy and lactation
- 10. Use in childhood
- 11. In case of impaired renal function
- 12. For violations of liver function
- 13. Drug interactions
- 14. Analogs
- 15. Terms and conditions of storage
- 16. Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
- 17. Reviews
- 18. Price in pharmacies
Latin name: Photolon
ATX code: L01XD
Active ingredient: chlorin E6 (Chlorin E6)
Manufacturer: RUE "Belmedpreparaty" (Republic of Belarus)
Description and photo updated: 2020-19-03
Photolon is a photosensitizing drug.
Release form and composition
The drug is produced in the form of a lyophilisate for the preparation of a solution for infusion: a porous mass of greenish-black color, may have a purple hue (25 mg in glass bottles, 1 bottle in a cardboard box; 50 mg or 100 mg in glass bottles, in a cardboard box 1 bottle. Each pack also contains instructions for the use of Photolon).
1 bottle contains:
- active substance: chlorin E6 (in the form of trisodium salt of chlorin E6) - 25 mg;
- auxiliary components: low molecular weight povidone - 25 mg; sodium hydroxide - to pH (acidity) 7.8-9.
1 bottle contains:
- active substance: chlorin E6 (in the form of trisodium salt of chlorin E6) - 50 mg or 100 mg;
- auxiliary components: low molecular weight povidone - 50 mg or 100 mg; sodium hydroxide - up to pH 7.8-9.
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics
Photolon is a highly informative diagnostic product used in spectrofluorescence studies. Its active substance, chlorin E6, has the ability to selectively accumulate in benign and malignant neoplasms of various origins and localization (mainly characterized by neovascularization). Directed exposure to light with a wavelength of 660–670 nm promotes a photosensitizing effect, which leads to damage to tumor tissue.
Pharmacokinetics
After intravenous (iv) administration of the ready-made lyophilisate solution, the maximum amount of the drug in the tumor is observed after 3 hours, then the concentration of chlorin E6 slowly decreases and after 24 hours only its trace amounts are determined in the blood. After 10-15 minutes after the start of the infusion, the maximum amount of the drug is found in the cells of the vascular endothelium.
Photolon has a good ability to penetrate tissue and cell barriers. The drug is found in the brain and bone marrow, thymus, skin, spleen, adrenal glands, heart, lungs, stomach, kidneys, liver, pancreas, ovaries.
Indications for use
The use of Photolon in oncology is indicated for the diagnosis of malignant neoplasms by the spectrofluorescence method and for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of the following malignant neoplasms:
- squamous and basal cell skin cancer;
- melanoma, intradermal and subcutaneous metastases of melanoma;
- breast cancer and its intradermal metastases;
- cancer of the mucous membranes, including cancer of the esophagus, rectum, hollow organs (vulva, cervix, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia I – III degree).
In addition, Photolon is used in ophthalmology as PDT in central involutional chorioretinal dystrophy with classical choroidal involutional neovascularization and in myopia with choroidal neovascularization of subfoveal localization.
Contraindications
- diseases of the cardiovascular system in the stage of decompensation;
- severe renal or hepatic impairment;
- simultaneous use with drugs with known photosensitizing activity, including antibiotics of the tetracycline and fluoroquinolone series, phenothiazine derivatives, sulfonamides, hypoglycemic drugs - sulfonylurea derivatives (thiazide diuretics, glibenclamide, griseofulvin);
- combination with inhibitors and inducers of the CYP3A4 isoenzyme (ketoconazole, itraconazole, cimetidine, erythromycin, rifampicin, saquinavir, ritonavir);
- concomitant therapy with drugs that have a damaging effect on the liver;
- period of pregnancy;
- breast-feeding;
- childhood;
- hypersensitivity to the components of Photolon.
Photolon, instructions for use: method and dosage
The ready-made Photolon solution is used only by infusion.
Infusion rate and method of administration, depending on the area of application:
- oncology: intravenous drip, for 30 minutes;
- ophthalmology: using a syringe programmable IV dispenser, at a rate of 3 ml / min.
The procedure is carried out in a darkened room.
The solution is prepared immediately before administration (ex tempore).
In oncology, the drug is used in a dose of 2–2.5 mg per 1 kg of the patient's body weight, dissolved in 200 ml of physiological solution. 3-4 hours after the end of the infusion, the tumor is subjected to local irradiation at a dose of 100-600 J / cm 2 of the body surface. The session is carried out using a laser device that generates radiation with a wavelength of 660-670 nm.
In ophthalmology, Photolon is used at a dose of 6 mg per 1 m 2 of the patient's body surface. The final concentration of the solution obtained after diluting the lyophilisate should be 2 mg / ml. To achieve it, the contents of a vial or bottle should be dissolved in 0.9% sodium chloride solution (at the rate of 25 mg - in 12.5 ml; 50 mg - in 25 ml; 100 mg - in 50 ml of solvent). The calculated individual dose of the drug is additionally mixed with 0.9% sodium chloride solution to obtain an infusion solution in a volume of 30 ml. The infusion is carried out with the timer turned on, its duration should be 10 minutes. Laser irradiation should be started 10-15 minutes after the start of the infusion, but no later than 30 minutes. The radiation dose should be 50 J / cm 2, to achieve it, irradiation at an optical radiation intensity of 600 mW per 1 cm 2 of the body surface should last about 83 seconds.
Side effects
The use of Photolon can be accompanied by such side effects as an increase in body temperature, pain in the radiation area. If the patient violates the light regime during the first week after the administration of the drug, hyperemia, edema of open body surfaces are possible. In the presence of concomitant diseases of the cardiovascular system - an increase in blood pressure (BP).
Ophthalmic adverse events are extremely rare. Potentially, after the introduction of Photolon, lacrimation, decreased acuity and / or visual field defects, vitreous hemorrhage, subretinal hemorrhage may occur.
Overdose
Photolon overdose symptoms:
- oncology: shortness of breath, hypothermia, increased blood pressure, tachycardia, agitation, turning into depression;
- ophthalmology: during a PDT session, both an overdose of the drug and an excess of the radiation dose are possible. They may be accompanied by the following complications associated with the nonselective effect of the photosensitizer on the retinal vessels: vitreous hemorrhage, lack of perfusion of normal retinal vessels (capillaries), subretinal and intraretinal hemorrhages, a sharp decrease in visual acuity for 7 days after PDT (may persist for a long time), increased fibrosis.
There is no specific antidote, therefore, in case of intoxication with photolon, the use of symptomatic therapy is indicated.
special instructions
After applying Photolon, exposure to the sun and ultraviolet radiation must be avoided. Due to the fact that the therapeutic doses of the drug have a mild systemic phototoxicity, strict adherence to the light regime is required from the first day of its use. The doctor should inform the patient about such necessary measures as the use of a photoprotective cream on open areas of the body surface, excluding watching TV, as well as being in the sun.
To relieve pain in the radiation zone, the use of analgesics is recommended.
Application during pregnancy and lactation
The use of Photolon is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Pediatric use
Photolon is contraindicated for the treatment of pediatric patients.
With impaired renal function
The use of the drug Photolon is contraindicated in case of severe renal failure.
For violations of liver function
The use of Photolon is contraindicated in case of severe hepatic insufficiency.
Drug interactions
Combined use of Photolon and analgesics is allowed. For anesthesia, local anesthetic preparations of infiltration anesthesia cannot be used.
In order to reduce pain, early epithelialization of the wound defect and enhance the growth of connective tissue, the simultaneous administration of appropriate drugs is shown.
It should be borne in mind that ethanol and drugs such as beta-carotene or lures can reduce the effectiveness of the therapy.
The simultaneous administration of cimetidine, ketoconazole, itraconazole, erythromycin, saquinavir, ritonavir, rifampicin, and other drugs that are inhibitors or inductors of CYP3A4 is excluded, since they can affect the metabolism of chlorine and prolong systemic phototoxicity.
Analogs
The analogues of Photolon are Photosens, Alasens, Ammifurin, Radachlorin, Photoditazin, Photoran E6, Beroxan, Vizudin.
Terms and conditions of storage
Keep out of the reach of children.
Store at temperatures up to 8 ° C in a dark place.
Shelf life is 2 years.
Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
Dispensed by prescription.
Reviews about Photolon
There are currently no reviews about Photolon.
Price for Photolon in pharmacies
The price of Photolon on average for a package containing a bottle of 50 mg of lyophilisate can be 6,700 rubles, 100 mg - about 14,300 rubles.
Maria Kulkes Medical journalist About the author
Education: First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov, specialty "General Medicine".
Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes only and does not replace the official instructions. Self-medication is hazardous to health!
