Timolol-AKOS
Timolol-AKOS: instructions for use and reviews
- 1. Release form and composition
- 2. Pharmacological properties
- 3. Indications for use
- 4. Contraindications
- 5. Method of application and dosage
- 6. Side effects
- 7. Overdose
- 8. Special instructions
- 9. Application during pregnancy and lactation
- 10. Use in childhood
- 11. Drug interactions
- 12. Analogs
- 13. Terms and conditions of storage
- 14. Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
- 15. Reviews
- 16. Price in pharmacies
Latin name: Timolol-AKOS
ATX code: S01ED01
Active ingredient: timolol (Timolol)
Producer: Sintez, JSC (Russia)
Description and photo update: 2020-18-02
Prices in pharmacies: from 22 rubles.
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Timolol-AKOS is a drug for local application of antiglaucoma action. Refers to non-selective beta-blockers without sympathomimetic activity.
Release form and composition
The drug is available in the form of 0.25% and 0.5% eye drops, which are a transparent, slightly colored or colorless liquid (5 or 10 ml each in polyethylene dropper bottles, one dropper bottle in a cardboard box and instructions for use of Timolol-AKOS).
Composition for 1 ml drops:
- active substance: timolol (in the form of timolol maleate) - 2.5 or 5 mg;
- auxiliary components: sodium dihydrogen phosphate, benzalkonium chloride, sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, water for injection.
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics
Timolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor blocker without sympathomimetic activity. It reduces intraocular pressure due to a decrease in the formation of aqueous humor, as well as a slight increase in its outflow. The drug lowers intraocular pressure, but does not affect the size and accommodation of the pupil, therefore, during its use, visual acuity does not decrease and the quality of night vision does not deteriorate.
Timolol-AKOS begins to act 20 minutes after instillation. The maximum effect is achieved after 1-2 hours, and the total duration of action is 24 hours.
Pharmacokinetics
In the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of the eye, the maximum concentration of timolol is observed after 1–2 hours. The active substance of the eye drops enters the systemic circulation by absorption through the lacrimal tract, conjunctiva and the nasal mucosa.
Timolol is metabolized with the participation of isoenzymes of the CYP2D6 system. The resulting metabolites are excreted by the kidneys.
In newborns, the maximum plasma concentration of the drug is significantly higher than in adults.
Indications for use
- open-angle glaucoma;
- increased intraocular pressure (ocular hypertension);
- secondary glaucoma (post-traumatic, aphakic and uveal);
- acute increase in intraocular pressure (as part of complex therapy);
- congenital glaucoma (as an adjunct drug, provided that other therapeutic measures are ineffective);
- angle-closure glaucoma (as part of a combined treatment with miotics).
Contraindications
Absolute:
- decompensated CHF (chronic heart failure);
- sinus bradycardia;
- cardiogenic shock;
- AV block II – III degree;
- severe COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease);
- bronchial asthma (including a history of bronchial asthma);
- dystrophic phenomena in the cornea;
- period of breastfeeding;
- children and adolescents under 18 years of age;
- increased individual sensitivity to the main or auxiliary components of drops.
Relative (Timolol-AKOS eye drops are used with caution):
- arterial hypotension;
- sinoatrial blockade II – III degree;
- peripheral circulatory disorders (including Raynaud's syndrome);
- severe cerebrovascular insufficiency;
- pulmonary insufficiency;
- myasthenia gravis;
- pheochromocytoma;
- diabetes;
- thyrotoxicosis;
- hypoglycemia;
- atrophic rhinitis;
- joint reception with other beta-blockers;
- period of pregnancy.
Timolol-AKOS, instructions for use: method and dosage
Eye drops Timolol-AKOS are instilled into the conjunctival sac.
The recommended dose is 1 drop of a 0.25% solution twice a day. In case of insufficient effectiveness, 0.5% eye drops are used in the same dose twice a day. After normalization of intraocular pressure, a maintenance dose is applied - 1 drop of a 0.25% solution once a day. The difference in the severity of the therapeutic effect of the two concentrations (0.25% and 0.5%) is 10-15%.
Side effects
Timolol-AKOS can cause local and systemic side effects. Local reactions include irritation of the conjunctiva (decreased lacrimation or lacrimation, reddening of the conjunctiva, itching and burning in the eyes, short-term visual impairment, edema of the epithelial layer of the cornea, photophobia, redness of the eyelid skin), keratitis, conjunctivitis and blepharitis, with prolonged treatment - decrease in sensitivity cornea, superficial punctate keratopathy, ptosis, double vision (rare).
Possible systemic side reactions of Timolol-AKOS:
- from the digestive system: vomiting, nausea, diarrhea;
- on the part of the cardiovascular system: AV blockade, bradycardia, lowering blood pressure, reducing myocardial contractility, bradyarrhythmia, collapse, aggravation of manifestations of CHF;
- from the respiratory system: rhinitis, epistaxis, nasal congestion, bronchospasm, shortness of breath, pulmonary insufficiency;
- from the nervous system and sensory organs: dizziness, headache, paresthesia, drowsiness, slowing down of the speed of the psychomotor reaction, depression, hallucinations;
- from the immune system: allergic reactions (including urticaria);
- others: decreased potency, chest pain, myasthenia gravis.
Overdose
In case of an overdose of timolol, general resorptive effects may occur, which are characteristic of all beta-blockers (headache, vomiting, nausea, dizziness, bronchospasm, bradycardia, arrhythmia).
Treatment is symptomatic. Immediately after an overdose of Timolol-AKOS, the patient should rinse his eyes with plain clean water or saline.
special instructions
Monitoring the effectiveness of the therapy is recommended to be performed no earlier than 1-2 weeks after the start of treatment (optimally, 3-4 weeks). Long-term use of Timolol-AKOS may lead to a weakening of the effect.
Intraocular pressure should be measured monthly. It is also recommended to periodically (at least once every 6 months) assess the size of the visual fields, the state of the cornea and the function of lacrimation.
The drops contain benzalkonium chloride preservative. It can settle on soft contact lenses, cause a change in their color, and also irritate the eyes when wearing contact lenses, therefore, before instilling Timolol-AKOS, contact lenses must be removed and put back on no earlier than 15 minutes after instillation.
When transferring a patient from miotics to timolol treatment, it may be necessary to correct refraction after the end of the therapeutic effects of miotics.
Timolol-AKOS enhances the effect of general anesthetics and muscle relaxants, so it should be canceled 48 hours before the planned surgical intervention.
Beta-blockers can mask signs of hypoglycemia in patients taking oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin, as well as symptoms of hyperthyroidism (including tachycardia).
Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and complex mechanisms
Within 30 minutes after instillation of Timolol-AKOS, it is necessary to perform work with caution that requires a high concentration of attention, good vision and a quick reaction.
Application during pregnancy and lactation
Timolol-AKOS eye drops are used with caution during pregnancy (only in cases where the expected benefit to the mother is higher than the possible risk to the fetus). Newborns whose mothers used drops just before childbirth should be under close medical supervision for several days.
Eye drops are contraindicated during breastfeeding.
Pediatric use
Timolol-AKOS should not be administered to children and adolescents under 18 years of age.
Drug interactions
The hypotensive effect of timolol is enhanced by simultaneous use with pilocarpine and epinephrine. Eye drops containing epinephrine can cause mydriasis (dilation of the pupil).
Co-administration of Timolol-AKOS with drugs that are inhibitors of the isoenzyme system CYP2D6 (quinidine, paroxetine, citalopram, terbinafine, ritonavir, cimetidine, amiodarone, haloperidol, fluoxetine, sertraline, ketoconazole, may provoke signs of vydocardioconazole before induction) cases - deep lethargy.
Timolol enhances the effect of general anesthetics and muscle relaxants.
During the use of eye drops, it is recommended to avoid intravenous administration of diltiazem and verapamil, since timolol can lower blood pressure, inhibit AV conduction and lead to the development of bradycardia.
Timolol-AKOS is used with caution in conjunction with other beta-blockers, glucocorticosteroids, antihypertensive drugs, psychoactive drugs, oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin.
Analogs
Timolol-AKOS analogs are Glautam, Arutimol, Okumol, Okumed, Oftan Timolol, Oftan Timogel, Okupres-E, Timolol, Timolol-Betalek, Timolol-LENS, Timolol-POS, Timolol SOLOfarm, Timolol-Teva, Timolol-Teva, Timolol DIA, Timolol-Long, Rotima, etc.
Terms and conditions of storage
Keep out of the reach of children, in a dark place at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C.
The shelf life of eye drops is 3 years. The opened bottle must be used within 1 month after opening.
Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
Dispensed by prescription.
Reviews about Timolol-AKOS
Reviews about Timolol-AKOS are very good. The drug reduces intraocular pressure and does not aggravate the course of the disease. No discomfort is felt after instillation. A special dropper nozzle facilitates the process of instilling the drug. The drops are inexpensive and affordable.
In some cases, the drug was not effective enough and helped to reduce intraocular pressure only in combination with stronger drugs.
Price for Timolol-AKOS in pharmacies
The price of Timolol-AKOS in the form of 0.25% eye drops (in 5 ml bottles) is 17–20 rubles, 0.5% eye drops (in 5 ml bottles) - 25–30 rubles.
Timolol-AKOS: prices in online pharmacies
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Drug name Price Pharmacy |
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Timolol-AKOS eye drops 0.25% 5ml 22 RUB Buy |
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Timolol-AKOS 0.25% eye drops 5 ml 1 pc. 22 RUB Buy |
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Timolol-AKOS 0.5% eye drops 5 ml 1 pc. RUB 24 Buy |
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Timolol-AKOS eye drops 0.5% 5 ml RUB 36 Buy |
Maria Kulkes Medical journalist About the author
Education: First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov, specialty "General Medicine".
Information about the drug is generalized, provided for informational purposes only and does not replace the official instructions. Self-medication is hazardous to health!
